Kartagener syndrome, i.e. visceral transposition-sinusitis-bronchiectasis syndrome, also known as familial bronchiectasis, is a congenital autosomal recessive disorder, accounting for 6% of all visceral transposition (1/8000) and 0.5% of bronchiectasis. The prevalence is higher in the Caucasus, about 1/40,000. about 30 cases have been reported so far in China. 1 case of bronchiectasis with visceral transposition was first reported by Siewart in 1904. 4 cases with the triad of total visceral transposition, bronchiectasis, and paranasal sinusitis were reported by the Kartagener’s in 1933, hence the name of the disease. 1976. Afzelius confirmed by electron microscopy is due to congenital cilia ultrastructural abnormalities, resulting in cilia immobility caused by the ciliary immobility, called ciliary immobility. 1981 Sleigh et al. found that the cilia are not completely immobile, but the movement of the movement of the abnormality, resulting in the secretion can not be effectively discharged caused by the bronchial dilatation, so this kind of congenital disorders are called primary ciliary dyskinesia or ciliary movement random syndrome. Kartagener syndrome is a subtype of PCD, and when PCD is accompanied by visceral ectasia, it is called Kartagener syndrome. Kartagener syndrome is a subtype of PCD, and when PCD is accompanied by visceral anomalies, it is called Kartagener syndrome. However, no familial manifestations were found in this case. Due to the activity of the respiratory ciliated epithelium is impaired, the mucus cilia transport function decreased, the secretion can not be discharged, causing repeated long-term chronic infection, which formed the pathological basis of bronchodilatation and paranasal sinusitis. Cilia are widely present in the respiratory tract, middle ear, fallopian tubes, sperm flagellum, and tissues and organs such as the brain and spinal cord ventricles, etc. Kartagener’s syndrome can be accompanied by pneumonia, conductive deafness, ectopic pregnancy, infertility and hydrocephalus. The age of first onset of the disease is often in childhood, but it is easily misdiagnosed. Main clinical manifestations: recurrent cough, sputum, hemoptysis, nasal congestion, runny nose, dizziness, headache, etc. A few of them are diagnosed due to infertility. Kartagener syndrome with rheumatoid arthritis has been reported.Kartagener syndrome is now used in patients with PCD who also have organ transposition.The diagnosis of PCD relies on typical clinical presentation and mucosal biopsy cilia examination, radioaerosol inhalation lung scanning, saccharin assay, cilia oscillation frequency measurement, etc. BushA et al. suggested that patients with the following clinical conditions should be evaluated for PCD. BushA et al. suggested that patients with the following clinical conditions need to be evaluated for PCD: (1) neonates with chronic rhinitis or full-term neonates with unexplained respiratory distress; (2) children with persistent cough and sputum, especially with a history of rhinitis and nasal congestion; (3) visceral transposition; (4) placement of middle ear drainage tubes without relief of ear leakage; (5) children with unexplained bronchodilatation; (6) children with unexplained diagnostic lung disease with poor response to asthma medications; and (7) children with poorly diagnosed pulmonary diseases with poor response to asthma medications; and (8) children with poorly diagnosed pulmonary diseases with poor response to asthma medications. poorly; (7) children who have received multiple courses of medication for lung infections. The diagnosis can be confirmed by taking a biopsy of the nasal mucosa or bronchoscopy of the bronchial mucosal epithelium and observing the number of cilia and structural abnormalities under electron microscopy. Since patients with PCD have much lower values of exhaled NO than normal or asthmatic subjects, an NO exhalation test can be used as a screening tool for PCD. The possibility of PCD should be considered in patients with early recurrent respiratory illnesses of unknown cause, such as bronchiectasis and otitis media, and the possibility of Kartagener’s syndrome should be considered in patients with bronchiectasis with visceral transposition. In addition bronchiectasis is congenitally rare, due to congenital bronchial dysplasia, the presence of congenital defects or genetic disorders that prevent further development of the periphery of the lungs, resulting in dilatation of the developed bronchioles, e.g., bronchial chondrodysplasia (Williams-Camplen syndrome).The bronchiectasis of Kartagener’s syndrome occurs postnatally, although congenital anomalies may Kartagener’s syndrome occurs after birth, but congenital anomalies are also present. Branchial dilatation is also seen in Young’s syndrome, which is characterized by obstructive spermatogenesis, normal but inactive spermatogenesis, chronic sinusitis, recurrent lung infections, and bronchiectasis. In our case, the patient had visceral transposition in addition to paranasal sinusitis and bronchiectasis, which further supported the diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome. Imaging examination: is an important basis for clinical diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome. Chest X-ray, CT scan and ultrasonography all revealed visceral transposition. Treatment: Similar to other causes of bronchiectasis, influenza bacillus, pneumococcus, and aureus are the common infecting organisms, which can be treated with sensitive antibiotics and other symptomatic treatments. For recurrent infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract leading to bronchiectasis, although successful surgical treatment has been reported, the choice of whether or not to perform surgery should be carefully selected. During the period of non-acute infection of the respiratory tract, it is important to prevent acute exacerbations. Immunomodulators, influenza vaccine and/or pneumococcal vaccine can be used to enhance resistance and help reduce respiratory infections.Principles of treatment for sinusitis in Kartagener syndrome: Conservative treatment includes the selection of sensitive antibiotics for treatment of acute exacerbation of sinus and lung disease after clarification of causative organisms based on the results of secretion cultures; intranasal glucocorticosteroids can be used in those with nasal polyps; for those with Allergic rhinitis can use antihistamines; local saline, antibiotics (aminoglycosides) or bactericidal intranasal irrigation can be used. Surgery is needed when conventional conservative treatment is ineffective, especially when culture of nasal secretions indicates drug-resistant bacteria or the presence of characteristic pathological changes, or when accompanied by nasal polyps. Surgical principle: on the basis of resection of irreversible lesions, the morphology and physiological function of nasal and sinus mucosa can be improved by reconstructing the nasal cavity and sinus ventilation and drainage pathways. At present, with the further understanding of the disease and the continuous development of nasal endoscopic surgery, Kartagener syndrome of the nose – sinus disease, mostly advocate a more aggressive surgical treatment. Effective treatment of it may mitigate the progression of bronchial and pulmonary disease.