Thymoma is a common primary tumor of the anterior superior mediastinum. Thymic epithelial tumors are classified as thymoma (types A, Bl, B2, B3, AB) or thymic carcinoma (type c) based on the morphology of the epithelial tumor cells and the proportion of lymphocytes involved. The main treatment of thymoma is a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The clinical manifestations of thymoma, most of which do not have typical symptoms, are detected by incidental chest radiography. A series of clinical symptoms such as chest pain, recurrent respiratory infections, dyspnea, hoarseness, dysphagia, pericardial blockage, spinal cord compression, cough, chest pain, general malaise, fever, weight loss, and decreased appetite can occur in the surrounding tissues invaded by the tumor. The main treatment for thymoma is to consider surgical removal, which is the most effective method. You can choose thoracoscopic surgery, which is less traumatic, less bleeding and less harmful. For patients with incompletely resected tumors and unresectable patients with local progression, or for patients with invasive tumors that have been completely resected, radiotherapy can be used as an adjuvant treatment and has certain effect. Chemotherapy is given in combination with cisplatin and other drugs. Thymoma is usually treated with a combination of chemotherapy before surgery, chemotherapy after surgery and radiotherapy. Life is prolonged by improving the quality of life through treatment. In conclusion, surgery for thymoma is the first choice. According to the pathological type of thymoma, a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and each other is used to treat and control the progression of the disease.