1.Physical delay in puberty development is more common in boys than in girls, that is to say, the height at birth is normal, the growth rate slows down at the age of 1 to 2 years, and the growth rate is normal again after about 3 years. Height and bone age are 2 to 3 years behind normal, and pubertal development is more than 2 years behind, boys can be as late as 16 to 18 years old and girls can be as late as 14 to 16 years old. Some children have accelerated growth rate after the application of growth hormone, indicating mild hypopituitarism, but it does not help in the final height growth. 2.Familial short stature children have normal growth rate, normal bone age, not serious dwarfism, and no delay in puberty development, only the parents’ height is short, which belongs to family inherited short stature. 3.Low birth weight children with slow growth are born full term but weighing less than 2500 grams, also called full term small-like children, without family history of dwarfism or endocrine abnormalities, with growth rate within the normal low value range and normal or backward bone age. Their growth hormone excitation test is normal, but there is an alteration of growth hormone secretion rhythm. 4. Systemic diseases or nutritional deficiencies such as severe malnutrition, chronic heart, liver and kidney diseases, chronic diarrhea in infancy, etc. This kind of baby is not serious short, and the growth hormone in endocrine examination is not low. After adjusting nutrition and treating the disease, the height and bone age will have a chance to enter the normal range. 5.Psychosocial factors family environment and psychological pressure, etc., have influence on children’s height. 6. Pituitary dwarfism is caused by growth hormone deficiency. The ratio of men to women suffering from pituitary dwarf is about 3:1. At the age of 2 to 4 years, a significant growth lag is observed, and the growth rate is less than 4 cm per year, but the limbs of such babies are still relatively proportional, only the face is childish and the abdomen is fatty, which is typical of this disease. In addition, delayed bone age often corresponds to height age, with delayed teething and tooth replacement and normal intelligence. Growth hormone deficiency can also occur secondary to congenital malformations (pituitary agenesis, cranial midline malformation), trauma, cranial infection, tumors, after cranial radiation therapy, and other conditions. 7. Precocious puberty occurs before the age of 10 in boys and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 in girls. In true precocious puberty is accompanied by accelerated growth and accelerated bone age.
True precocious puberty is the early appearance of puberty and early maturation of sexual function. In girls, breast enlargement, axillary and pubic hair growth, menstruation, ovulation and fertility may occur before the age of 8. Boys have enlarged testicles, sperm production, penis growth, and erection from time to time before the age of 10, and a few have spermatorrhea. In children with true precocious puberty, the body starts to be taller than children of the same age, but due to early closure of the bone marrow, the body is short in adulthood. Solution Upon clear diagnosis, babies with diseases should be referred directly to a specialized outpatient clinic for treatment. And after excluding various diseases, for normal children and simple short babies, the main things to do are: 1. Regular medical checkups to observe the growth rate of height once every 3 months within 1 year old, follow up once every 6 months after 1 year old, and after 2 years old, babies whose height growth rate is greater than 5 cm per year can be ruled out of shortness. Bone age will be reviewed once a year. 2, take the correct care method parents for simple short baby, in the care should pay special attention to the following points, such as ensure sufficient sleep, strengthen physical exercise and outdoor sunlight exposure, etc., in order to promote its growth. At the same time, we should pay special attention to balanced nutrition, but not because the baby is short in height, you can give the baby to eat a lot of supplements, especially ginseng royal jelly and some other supplements for the elderly, women, because it may contain hormones, etc., may stimulate the early maturation of children, resulting in short.