The main clinical significance of high total cholesterol is that it promotes the symptoms of atherosclerosis, and treatment involves dietary control and oral medications, with subcutaneous injections of PCSK9 inhibitors required in particularly severe cases. The main significance of elevated total cholesterol is that it promotes the progression of atherosclerosis, which may lead to ischemia in vital organs, for example, it may increase the risk of cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. Patients with elevated total cholesterol have a strict dietary control, mainly low-fat food, strictly limit the intake of animal offal, animal fat, eat more green and fresh vegetables, you can eat appropriate fish and chicken and so on. Patients with elevated total cholesterol should assess the total risk with reference to the patient’s risk factors, such as smoking, family history of early onset cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and so on. Patients with elevated cholesterol alone can control their diet. Patients who have multiple risk factors and are at high risk need to be treated with oral statin medications, such as atorvastatin. Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia need subcutaneous injection of PCSK9 inhibitors. Patients with hypercholesterolemia should be treated under the supervision of a physician and given the appropriate modality of treatment depending on the circumstances.