Paraplegia is a paralysis of both lower limbs, with no movement and sensory impairment of the limbs, as well as varying degrees of bowel and urinary dysfunction. Paraplegia is often caused by spinal cord injuries, such as traffic accidents, work-related accidents, sports injuries, and gunshot wounds, which can cause paraplegia, called traumatic paraplegia. In addition to trauma, inflammation, tumors or other lesions of the spinal cord can also cause paraplegia. Why does an injury to the spinal cord cause paraplegia? The spinal cord is located in the vertebral canal of the spine, in front of the vertebral body and behind the spinal cord. The spinal cord is cylindrical in shape, 45 cm in length for men and 42 cm for women, and is connected to the brain at the upper end and thinned to the lower edge of the first lumbar vertebra. The spinal cord is divided into 31 segments, namely 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar and one caudal segment. Spinal cord injury is caused by spinal fractures or dislocations caused by trauma that compress the spinal cord. The interrelationship between the vertebrae, spinal cord and spinous process can transmit the motor “instructions” and “information” issued by the brain to the muscles of the limbs and trunk, thus causing the movement of the muscles. If the spinal cord is damaged, this conduction function is lost, and the muscles of the limbs and trunk do not receive movement “instructions” and “information” from the brain, so they cannot make random movements, forming paralysis. The spinal cord is also responsible for transmitting superficial and deep sensory sensations from the limbs to the brain, and when the spinal cord is damaged, this sensory transmission function is also lost, so there is simultaneous sensory impairment of the limbs. Another function of the spinal cord is to regulate urination, defecation and sexual function, which are regulated by the reflex centers located in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord. Therefore, it is necessary for paraplegic patients with spinal cord damage to receive rehabilitation training. Before rehabilitation training, paraplegic patients should undergo rehabilitation assessment, determine rehabilitation goals, book rehabilitation time, and formulate the degree of rehabilitation according to the level, type and residual motor-sensory function of spinal cord injury, the patient’s age, the presence or absence of compound injuries to the limbs, and the characteristics of each stage, but rehabilitation is not a panacea, and the plane and degree of spinal cord injury and its functional recovery can only achieve limited rehabilitation goals. Therefore, when developing a rehabilitation plan, rehabilitation stages and training goals can be set first, and as rehabilitation continues, the rehabilitation goals can be adjusted as necessary according to the specific situation. When conducting rehabilitation training, it must be done under the protection of neck and lumbar protection to ensure the stability of the spine, and when conducting muscle strength training, muscle strength training of key muscles should be conducted selectively according to the level of injury and the residual muscle strength. In the lower extremities should focus on muscle training of the quadriceps, biceps, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius muscles. When upright training, the neck and waist circumference should be tied, the upper limbs should be placed on the hand board, and the lower limbs should be wrapped with elastic bandages to fix the knee joint, which should be done gradually to prevent upright hypotension. The rehabilitation training of limb function for paraplegic patients is long-term and hard, and should be persistent. Patients are often discharged with varying degrees of impairment, and rehabilitation training requires the participation and guidance of family members, with emphasis on the continued aspects of lifelong health management and rehabilitation training for patients. Therefore, a rehabilitation plan should be developed for the patient at the time of discharge, and the patient should be followed up regularly after discharge to continuously encourage the patient to establish confidence in rehabilitation, maximize his or her motivation and work closely with him or her, and to find out whether the patient and family members follow the rehabilitation training plan and implement it correctly at home in order to achieve the expected rehabilitation results.