Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of clinical syndromes with significant genetic heterogeneity, characterized by progressive hypertonia and muscle weakness in both lower extremities and scissor gait. It is mostly inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. The age of onset of HSP is usually seen in childhood or adolescence, but it can also be seen in other age groups. It is slightly more common in males than females. The clinical manifestations are slowly progressive spastic muscle weakness of both lower limbs, increased muscle tone, active hyperactive tendon reflexes, knee and ankle clonus, positive pathological signs, and scissor-like gait. It may be associated with optic nerve atrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, extrapyramidal symptoms, cerebellar ataxia, sensory impairment, dementia, mental retardation, deafness, myasthenia gravis, and autonomic dysfunction. Patients may have a positive family history. Treatment of this disease can be done with muscle relaxants to improve the patient’s muscle tone, and neurorehabilitation can be helpful to improve the patient’s limb function. Note: Since this disease is a genetic disease, genetic testing is important to clarify the diagnosis and the type of inheritance and to have the next generation.