The varicella-zoster virus is called varicella-zoster virus because it remains latent in the body after a child has recovered from the first infection with chickenpox, and even in some people the virus can flare up again as an adult and cause shingles. Chickenpox is currently considered a highly contagious childhood disease, usually occurring more often in children between the ages of 2 and 6. With the varicella-zoster virus we must recognize that humans are the only natural hosts. The skin is the primary target organ of the virus, and varicella-zoster is transmitted primarily through respiratory entry. The varicella-zoster virus is in adults after an attack and the patient may be having severe neuralgia. However, most episodes of the disease heal gradually within 2-4 weeks, but a few patients may have longer periods of time, up to several months. In addition to vaccination, patients with severe attacks can be treated with symptomatic and pain-relieving treatment.