For patients with oncological diseases, if the transaminase is elevated after chemotherapy, it is mostly considered that the liver function is damaged due to the toxic reaction of chemotherapy drugs. In this case, the patient firstly needs to directly infuse glucose and many kinds of microelements, in order to facilitate the patient’s liver to synthesize other substances. Secondly, the patient needs to actively apply one or two liver-protecting drugs for active liver-protecting treatment, such as reduced glutathione or glycyrrhizic acid diamine and other drugs. Generally, after active liver-protecting treatment and active supplementation of glucose or micronutrients, the liver function of patients with mild damage will slowly recover in about 7-10 days. However, for some of the more severe patients, if liver insufficiency or liver failure has already occurred, in this case, we should actively consider a small amount of plasma transfusion to carry out active supportive therapy. If the patient has underlying liver disease, liver failure has already occurred after chemotherapy. In this case, if necessary, patients need to actively consider artificial liver, i.e., plasma replacement therapy, in addition to hepatoprotective therapy.