Acute epiglottitis is one of the common critical illnesses in otolaryngology. The disease progresses rapidly and is life-threatening in severe cases. Acute epiglottitis has a rapid onset, with a history rarely exceeding 6 to 12 hours, and most patients sleep normally and wake up in the middle of the night with a sharp pain in the throat or respiratory obstruction. The disease is characterized by fever and chills, sore throat and pain, epiglottis edema, dysphagia and dyspnea as the main symptoms, and there may be a sense of imminent death. If an acute patient develops severe complications such as irritability, cyanosis, loss of lung breath sounds, syncope, and shock, tracheotomy or cricothyrotomy should be performed urgently. When acute epiglottitis is suspected, the patient should be sent to the hospital for timely treatment by calling the emergency number, and the relevant diagnosis and treatment should be perfected under the guidance of the doctor.