There are many causes of toothache and the way to relieve the pain is to treat the disease causing the toothache. Common causes of toothache include caries, pulpitis, periodontitis and other diseases, which need to be treated with medication, surgery and other treatments to relieve pain. 1. Caries: patients need to be treated with fluoride such as 8% stannous fluoride solution and 75% sodium fluoride glycerin paste under the guidance of doctors, and for milk teeth, silver ammonium fluoride can be used for treatment. In case of parenchymal defects in dental tissues, surgical treatments such as amalgam filling and composite resin direct bonding restoration are feasible. General caries can be taken at an early stage of remineralization therapy or fissure sealing treatment. 2. Pulpitis: For acute pulpitis, it is necessary to take the pulp drainage surgery in time to reduce the pain. If the pulp needs to be preserved, surgical treatments such as direct pulp capping and pulpotomy can be adopted; if the affected tooth needs to be preserved, root canal treatment can be adopted. Some patients may also need to take apical induction molding, microendodontics and other surgeries. 3. Periodontitis: patients need to apply doxycycline, amoxicillin, azithromycin and other antibiotics as prescribed by the doctor, and can also follow the doctor’s instructions for the local use of chlorhexidine acetate solution German antibacterial agents, or minocycline gel and other antibiotic drugs. For the presence of tartar patients, need to take supragingival scaling or subgingival scaling. If the condition is serious, flap surgery and bone grafting are needed to relieve the pain. It is recommended that people with toothache go to the hospital in a timely manner, to clarify the specific causes, cooperate with the doctor to actively treat the primary disease, the use of drugs need to follow the doctor’s instructions.