Cranial defects are a common condition in neurosurgery, and when they occur, they can cause significant damage. In this case, surgery can be performed to repair the defective skull with artificial bone. Cranial bone repair is a routine procedure in neurosurgery, and it is also a very old and classic procedure. It was practiced by our ancestors thousands of years ago. After a long history of evolution, cranial repair is now a very mature surgical procedure under modern medical conditions. Nowadays, cranial bone repair is usually a procedure that can be performed to repair a defective skull with artificial bone, which is what we call cranial bone repair material. The so-called artificial bone is what we call cranial bone repair material. In cranial bone repair surgery, it is very important to choose what kind of cranial bone repair material to use. At present, the repair materials used in clinical cranial bone repair surgery are mainly titanium mesh and polyether ether ketone PEEK materials. Titanium mesh is a kind of traditional metal material, which has been used for many years in clinical practice and is widely used, and most local grassroots hospitals may still use this material. However, there are still some defects and deficiencies in titanium mesh material, such as postoperative infection, rejection, wear and tear of the scalp, exposed material, collapse and deformation by external forces and other problems occur from time to time. In addition, this metal material will also affect the patient to receive CT, MRI and other medical examinations. Therefore, the use of titanium mesh material to repair the skull is currently less recommended. Now, polyether ether ketone PEEK material is a more advanced new cranial bone repair material, it is a special polymer material, excellent performance, lightweight, high strength, good tissue compatibility, high comfort and strong protection after being placed into the body, can well overcome the above problems that may arise from the titanium mesh, and it has become the new trend of cranial bone repair material. Our team is widely using this advanced polyether ether ketone PEEK material, and the team also continues to carry out technical improvements and material optimization design, currently has four technical innovations, but also introduces the concept of cosmetic plastic surgery, so as to comprehensively carry out the PEEK cranial bone repair and plastic surgery, which can achieve the anatomical integrity, perfect function, beautiful appearance of the three effects of one, and achieve satisfactory results.