The misuse of antibiotics is a global problem, commonly known as: “anti-inflammatory drugs” and “antibiotics”. The problem is particularly serious in China, and the reasons for this are naturally multifaceted. The misuse of antibacterial drugs has led to the development of bacterial resistance, “creating” a “superbug”, and there is a possibility that in the future, in the battle between humans and bacteria, we have no drugs available, no guns to fight! Recent studies have also found that frequent use of antibacterial drugs in babies under the age of one has been associated with an increased incidence of asthma. In pediatrics, antibiotic abuse is also common due to the relatively low resistance of children and the prevalence of infectious diseases. The more frequently used diseases are upper whistle infections, bronchitis, and diarrheal diseases. Upper whistle infections are especially important. Ninety percent of upper whistle infections are viral and most do not require antibiotics. This requires ancillary tests, most often blood work or C-reactive protein (CRP), or even calcitoninogen, to identify or decide whether to apply antibiotics. The physician can decide, based on the level of WBC and CRP, whether antibiotics are needed and whether they should be applied intravenously or orally. So if necessary, the baby will have to endure the pain of blood collection and needle ligation. Of course, whether it is necessary to check the blood, in addition to the doctor’s clinical experience, but also need the cooperation and trust of parents, if the degree of trust is very low, the doctor let the possibility of blood collection increased. Generally speaking, if the temperature exceeds 38.5 degrees, it is best to check the routine blood test. If the fever is simple and the pharyngeal congestion is not obvious, no routine blood test is needed and the patient can be treated and observed. If there is obvious sore throat and congestion in the throat, especially purulent discharge from the tonsils, it is advisable to check blood and use antibiotics. If antibiotics are not used and the fever is more than 3 days old or accompanied by a significant cough, it is better to apply antibiotics (or even take a chest X-ray to exclude the possibility of atypical pneumonia), or see the doctor again. Here again, the cooperation and trust of the child’s parents and physician is required. When it comes to antibiotics, some drugs cannot be used, such as PPA, which may affect cartilage development, because children are at a stage of growth and development, with imperfect organ function, poor detoxification, and poor self-expression; cotrimoxazole is not used within one year of age, and butamycin or netilmicin are not used within six years of age – causing hearing and kidney damage. However, it should not be overkill, or as “antibiotics are more dangerous than tigers”, “all the time”. The reasonableness of the use of antibiotics is not a matter of blindly following the targets set by the relevant authorities. The actual fact is that you can find a number of patients who have been seen in higher hospitals and diagnosed with “pneumonia” without using antibiotics, resulting in a delayed condition. The antibiotics, should be used, otherwise the condition is aggravated, should not be used but used, it is indiscriminate or abuse, resulting in unnecessary waste of medical resources and unnecessary drug side effects, affecting the health of the baby.