The fasting blood sugar of normal people is maintained at 3.3 – 6.1 mmol/L (60 – 110 mg/dl), and generally below 10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dl) between half an hour and one hour after meal, and at most not more than 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dl), and back to 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dl) two hours after meal. ). How to estimate its initial dosage: When starting insulin therapy in diabetic patients, always use short-acting insulin. Moreover, the initial dosage must be estimated according to the following methods on the basis of relatively stable diet and exercise, and then adjusted according to the condition monitoring results. 1. Estimation according to fasting blood sugar: Daily insulin dosage (μ) = [fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) – 100] × 10 × weight (kg) × 0.6 ÷ 1000 ÷ 2 (100 is the normal value of blood sugar); × 10 is the amount of higher than normal blood sugar per liter of body fluid; × 0.6 is the amount of body fluid of the whole body is 60%; ÷ 1000 is the conversion of blood sugar mg to grams; ÷ 2 is 2 grams of blood sugar using 1 μ insulin. To avoid hypoglycemia, the actual use of its 1/2 – 1/3 amount. 2.Estimated by 24-hour urine glucose: Those with mild disease, no diabetic nephropathy and normal renal glucose threshold are given 1 μ insulin for every 2 grams of urine glucose. 3.According to body weight: 0.5–0.8μ/kg for high blood glucose and severe disease; 0.4–0.5μ/kg for mild disease; no more than 1.0μ/kg for severe disease and stress. 4.Estimated by 4 times urine sugar: Without diabetic nephropathy and basic normal renal sugar threshold, estimated by the amount of qualitative “+” of urine sugar before each meal. Generally a “+” requires 4μ insulin. 5.Integrated estimation: There are many factors affecting insulin action in the body and individual differences, so the above calculation may not be in line with the actual situation, therefore, the condition, blood sugar and urine sugar should be integrated and a certain safe amount should be given first, and then gradually adjusted according to the changes in the condition.