The cure rate of esophageal squamous epithelial atypical hyperplasia can reach more than 90% after regular treatment, but the specific cure situation is related to the degree of hyperplasia of the patients and their own basic conditions. Esophageal squamous epithelial atypical hyperplasia is generally a reparative hyperplasia of the esophageal mucosal epithelium after long-term persistent inflammatory stimulation, and it is closely related to reflux esophagitis and Helicobacter pylori infection. Esophageal squamous epithelial atypical hyperplasia is a precancerous lesion of esophageal squamous carcinoma, which can be transformed into squamous carcinoma if not treated in time. Once diagnosed with esophageal squamous epithelial atypical hyperplasia, patients should undergo endoscopic treatment or surgery to remove the lesion immediately to prevent the disease from continuing to deteriorate into squamous carcinoma, and the cure rate can reach more than 90% after regular treatment. At the same time, patients should also treat the primary disease, reduce the stimulation to esophageal mucosa, pay attention to diet in daily life, do not eat spicy and stimulating food, and protect gastric mucosa and esophageal mucosa. If there is atypical hyperplasia of esophageal squamous epithelium, patients should go to the hospital for treatment in time to avoid delaying the condition.