The skull is located at the top of the human skeletal system, above the spine, and consists of 23 bones of different shapes and sizes, which are delicately articulated together to form a complete and closed cranial cavity that protects and supports the brain and the organs of the head and face. The importance of the skull to the human body cannot be overstated. However, risks and accidents exist everywhere, and the skull can be damaged by force majeure, and cranial defects are a common neurosurgical disorder. For example, traffic accidents, production safety accidents, falling objects, fights, cranio-cerebral surgery, etc. may damage the skull and eventually cause skull defects. This requires prompt cranial repair surgery. However, there may be some patients who are still taking a chance. What are the implications of not having skull repair surgery? If a skull defect occurs and the diameter of the defect is 3cm or more, it is recommended that a skull repair be performed in a timely manner. If the surgery is not performed in a timely manner, it will have a great impact on the aesthetics of the appearance. In addition, if part of the skull is missing, the intracranial environment will change drastically, the intracranial pressure will be unstable, the cerebrospinal fluid circulation will be affected, and the neurological function of the cranium may be impaired, resulting in a series of cranial defect syndromes, which will affect the physical and mental health of the whole person. Another important point is the safety issue, if the head is not repaired in time, if the head is injured again, it may directly injure the brain tissue, and in serious cases, it may even directly endanger the life, which is very dangerous. Therefore, it is very necessary to have a skull repair surgery in time. The repair material is very important for cranial bone repair surgery, and the surgical technique is also very important. At present, our team is carrying out PEEK cranioplasty with good clinical results. Li, 18 years old from Gansu, suffered severe craniocerebral trauma in a fight with others and was resuscitated in the local hospital. After craniotomy to remove the bone flap, he was left with a cranial bone defect. This had a great impact on him, with unfavorable limb movement, frequent dizziness and headache, and because of the abnormal appearance and skull collapse deformation, the young man always felt like a monster, which was psychologically unacceptable. Later, his family came to our clinic after many inquiries. After a detailed scientific diagnosis and evaluation, we customized three-dimensional shaping of personalized PEEK material, and then performed PEEK cranioplasty for him. After the surgery, Li’s skull was restored to its original appearance, regaining his handsome appearance, and he regained his former self-confidence, his unfavorable limb symptoms improved, and his dizziness and headache symptoms disappeared, making the surgery a great success.