Since Chinese rhinoplasty often involves making a low nose taller, or a short nose longer, or a rounded nose narrower, material placement is often required. Materials are differentiated by different methods of categorization. 1.According to the source of material: it can be categorized into autologous or allogeneic biological materials and polymer synthetic materials. The former includes cartilage, bone, dermis, fascia, fat, allogeneic cartilage, allogeneic bone, ivory, etc.; the latter includes silicone, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, hyaluronic acid, polylactic acid, resorbable serrated wire, paraffin oil, silicone oil hydroxyapatite, coral and so on. 2, according to the method of use: can be divided into surgical placement of materials and injection puncture and other materials. The former is mainly solid-type material, such as silicone, expanded body, cartilage, ivory, etc.; the latter is mainly liquid injectable material or puncture linear material, such as hyaluronic acid, fat, hydroxyapatite artificial bone, etc., while serrated wire sculpture rhinoplasty only needs to be punctured to tighten the skin to complete the surgery. 3.According to the number of clinical applications: it can be divided into commonly used materials and rare materials. The former mainly includes silicone, autologous cartilage, dermis, fascia, hyaluronic acid, etc.; while the latter such as paraffin oil, ometin, hydroxyapatite artificial bone. 4, according to the length of time the material is maintained: can be divided into permanent implant materials and temporary materials. The former includes silicone, expanded body, artificial bone and so on. Although autologous or allogeneic cartilage and other materials may have a certain degree of absorption, but it seems that the absorption is very little, can still be categorized as permanent materials. The latter materials, including hyaluronic acid, polylactic acid, and resorbable serrated wires, will degrade and absorb within a certain period of time and will be excreted from the body. However, some patients or in the case of concurrent infections, repeated injections, etc., the local inflammation is serious and repeated skin irritation causes slight absorption. Currently, the mainstream materials for comprehensive nose reshaping are cartilage or cartilage plus materials (mainly silicone and bentonite). Nasal comprehensive plastic surgery based on such materials is safe, permanent, with fewer complications, and the appearance is straight and beautiful, which is the preferred material. The disadvantages are the cutting of autologous cartilage and the need for a surgical recovery process, although these are relatively small costs. While hyaluronic acid injection, although the recovery is fast, but will flow, shape transparent, nose width is getting wider and wider, repeated injections caused by aseptic inflammation is obvious, the most important thing is that it may lead to blindness, skin necrosis and ulceration, cerebral arterial embolism and other serious complications, and the probability of complications is significantly higher than the surgical rhinoplasty. Although the thread rhinoplasty performed in the last two years has the advantage of simplicity and convenience, it is an indisputable fact that it is easy to be infected, the skin at the threading port is easy to be ulcerated, the shape is not good, the skin color is darkened, and the nose is deformed seriously after it is taken out, etc. It is also an indisputable fact that it is easy to be infected. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of various materials and make a good choice together with a professional doctor. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using ear cartilage, rib cartilage and septum cartilage as rhinoplasty materials? These three kinds of cartilage are the most commonly used cartilage for rhinoplasty, among which ear cartilage belongs to elastic cartilage, thin cartilage, more elastic fibers, easy to bend and turn the strength and rigidity of the smaller; rib cartilage and septum cartilage belong to transparent cartilage, tougher, less likely to be bent, and able to provide a strong support, especially the rib cartilage. Ear Cartilage Ear cartilage is the easiest to remove. If the auricle is large, a larger piece of cartilage can be obtained with minimal damage and quick recovery. Scarring is hidden and minimal, with little effect on the shape of the auricle, making it the most popular choice for candidates. Utilizing the auricular cartilage mainly for the support of the center of the nasal columella, nasal columella lengthening, nasal dorsum lengthening, and the role of the nasal tip shield support, combined with the silicone or puffed up fabrication materials and cartilage composite, can solve the problems of many well-grounded rhinoplasty. Rib cartilage Removal of rib cartilage usually requires general anesthesia and hospitalization, while some people use local anesthesia to remove rib cartilage. The 5th to 8th rib cartilage is usually chosen. Some people also prefer to cut the floating rib, which has a longer recovery time and relatively the most visible scarring. Some doctors choose to make the incision in the inframammary fold, which can be relatively hidden. Some surgeons use a 1 cm incision to obtain 3 to 5 cm of cartilage in order to minimize the mange. If the skin is pulled hard just to reduce the incision, not only will the skin be pulled and the scars become heavier, but it is also not easy to stop the bleeding in deep operation, which may cause hemorrhage or tear too much soft tissue, or even tear the pleura to produce pneumothorax, which is life-threatening. Therefore, we do not recommend taking too much risk just to reduce the incision a little bit, after all, the safety of the surgery is always the first priority. The rib cartilage has sufficient tissue volume to provide the strongest support, and the result is very certain, no matter whether it is for dorsal or columella lengthening. If the candidate is psychologically repulsed by the prosthesis, a full rib rhinoplasty can be done. Of course, this requires the cutting of a larger piece of cartilage. Nasal septum In Europe and the United States most of the septum will be cut. Because their noses are already wide and high, the septum is well developed and has enough tissue. It is very convenient to remove the septum while going through the nasal columella approach, and it can be used as a columella splint graft and a nasal tip shield graft. However, for many Chinese, the nasal dorsum is collapsed and the nasal septum is already poorly developed with very little tissue volume, so it is not possible to cut an adequate amount, and it is often necessary to use it in combination with auricular cartilage. In addition, many people’s nasal septum is too thin and brittle and does not support them well. If the skin of the nose is very hypertrophic, with well-developed sebaceous glands and exceptional toughness, the septum is even more unusable. Moreover, it is not uncommon to have complications such as mucosal tears, hematomas, and septal perforation when the septum is cut. Therefore, rib cartilage grafting may be more suitable for Chinese people.