There are many reasons for a low anion gap, mainly related to hypoproteinemia, diarrhea, and malnutrition.
The anion gap is an electrolyte indicator in blood gas analysis, and its normal range is 8 to 16 mmol/L. A decrease indicates the possibility of metabolic acidosis in the body.
The main reasons for low anion gap are as follows:
1. Hypoproteinemia: it is the most common cause of low anion gap. When there is a prolonged negative nitrogen balance, it leads to a decrease in plasma proteins and a decrease in colloid osmotic pressure, resulting in edema.
2. Diarrhea: diarrhea can lead to severe dehydration, which causes excessive loss of anions and cations in the body, leading to low anion gap.
3. Malnutrition: Inadequate nutritional intake will lead to a decrease in the concentration of ions in the body, which will further lead to a low anion gap.
There may be other reasons for low anion gap, so it is recommended to consult a specialist in a timely manner, complete relevant examinations, and give targeted treatment and therapy after clarifying the cause of the disease.