According to statistics, there were 4,292,000 new cases of tumors and 2,814,000 deaths in 2015. Lung cancer is the most prevalent tumor and the leading cause of cancer death. Surgical resection is the best way to treat lung cancer, so what are the circumstances under which lung cancer is eligible for surgery? The first type: patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer, including adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, alveolar carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, etc., with stage I, stage II, some stage IIIa, including stage N2 patients with effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy; a small number of stage IIIb patients who can be completely surgically resected locally; a few stage IV patients with only single lung metastasis, single brain metastasis, single adrenal metastasis. The second type: those diagnosed as small cell lung cancer only stage I patients can choose surgery; the third type: when it is determined that the nodules in the lung, highly suspected of malignancy, cannot be diagnosed qualitatively by various examination means, surgical exploration and removal of the lung nodules can be considered for qualitative diagnosis with the consent of the patient and family members. In general, qualified oncology treatment institutions will tell the patient the exact pathological tissue type of lung cancer and the exact stage of the disease (which stage is I, II, III, IV) as far as possible, and then determine whether surgery can be performed by taking into account the patient’s age and basic physical condition. Most stage I (early stage) patients can be cured by surgery, while stage 2-3 patients need to consider the outcome of surgery and long-term benefits.