Pulmonary diseases caused by bacterial infections that do not receive effective anti-infective treatment or use inappropriate medications can lead to changes in the patient’s condition or even aggravation, often visually manifested by an increase in respiratory symptoms. For example, patients may experience increased cough, increased sputum, and in some cases, fever and even difficulty in breathing. Therefore, for this type of patients, the examination of pathogenic bacteria is very important, usually before the effective anti-infection, the patient can be asked to take sputum and other specimens for general bacterial smear and culture, so as to guide the choice of antibiotics in the clinic. Before using antibiotics, you need to use them empirically according to the patient’s performance, and then adjust the antibiotics according to the results of the drug sensitivity of the patient, so as to avoid the aggravation of the patient’s condition.