A 1.5cmx1.4cm renal artery aneurysm is usually asymptomatic and generally not serious, but carries the risk of rupture and hypertensive complications, so it is important to go to the hospital for evaluation and treatment as appropriate. Renal artery aneurysms are rare and insidious visceral aneurysms. Most patients have no obvious symptoms and are often diagnosed when imaging tests are performed for other reasons. A few patients present with abdominal pain, back pain, hematuria, and so on. Renal artery aneurysms are usually slow-growing, with an annual diameter increase of 0.06-0.60 mm, but rupture can still have serious effects. 2/3 of patients with renal artery aneurysms have hypertension. Surgical treatment of renal artery aneurysms is aimed at treating or preventing rupture, relieving secondary hypertension, and protecting renal function. Current indications for surgical treatment of renal artery aneurysms include: aneurysms with a maximum diameter of ≥2 cm; women of childbearing age; clinical symptoms such as low back pain, back pain, and hematuria; renal artery stenosis, thromboembolism, entrapment, and rupture associated with persistent hypertension; and renal stenosis in combination with renal artery stenosis. Depending on the situation: aneurysm embolization, open surgery, in situ vascular bypass reconstruction, autologous renal transplantation, nephrectomy, and other procedures. In conclusion, 1.5cmx1.4cm renal artery aneurysm without comorbidities, serious clinical symptoms, etc., can be temporarily observed, but must be evaluated in a regular hospital to decide. It is recommended to go to a regular hospital for a comprehensive assessment of the condition and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment to avoid delaying the condition.