Patients with short stature can undergo genetic testing if they are suffering from dwarfism; if they are suffering from malnutritional growth retardation, genetic testing is generally not needed; specific cases need to be analyzed. If a child is short, his/her height lags behind 2 standard deviations of the average height of normal children of the same age and sex; growth rate slows down; bone maturation is delayed and metabolism is abnormal; bone age lags behind the actual age; it may be caused by insufficient secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland, familial dwarfism, etc. The child should be treated promptly. The child should consult a doctor in a timely manner. Genetic testing and growth hormone stimulation tests can be performed to make a clear diagnosis, to determine whether the genetic mutation is caused by a primary genetic disease or secondary causes such as damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, and then to perform growth hormone replacement therapy or injection of growth hormone-releasing hormone according to the doctor’s instructions. Short stature may also be caused by malnutrition, and a physical examination should be conducted, usually without genetic testing; under the guidance of the doctor, a scientific diet can be carried out, and more vegetables and fruits rich in protein and vitamins can be eaten.