1. Diabetes ranks as the fourth leading disease causing death in the world population, and the World Health Organization has called it the “disaster of the 21st century”. Diabetes has become one of the chronic diseases that seriously threaten human health, and the coronary heart disease, nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy caused by diabetes are the main causes of death and disability of patients. According to the latest diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2010, diabetes is diagnosed with one of the following four conditions: (1) glycated hemoglobin (A1C) ≥ 6.5%; (2) fasting blood glucose (FPG) ≥ 7.0mmol/L; (3) 2h blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/L in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); (4) having According to WHO, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the world has been increasing substantially year by year. The current prevalence of diabetes in adults in China is about 9.7%, with a total of about 90 million, of which T2DM accounts for 90%. 2, diabetic patients urgently need a treatment that can well control diabetes and its complications. Diabetes is an ancient medical disease, the traditional treatment methods include diet control, exercise, oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin injection therapy, etc. However, these treatment methods are difficult to fundamentally cure diabetes, maintain the long-term stability of patients’ blood sugar, and cannot fundamentally prevent the occurrence and development of various complications of diabetes. Strict dietary control and repeated fluctuations of blood glucose levels cause continuous mental stress to patients and affect the quality of life. Despite patients’ active cooperation with treatment, most patients develop complications of varying degrees after 5 years of disease. Patients urgently need a treatment that provides good control of diabetes and its complications. 3. The clinical success of total lumpectomy sleeve gastrectomy and gastric diversion surgery (GBP) has led to a new method of treating diabetes. In the 1950s, one of the bariatric procedures, gastric diversion, was found to have the potential to treat T2DM. In the 14 years since 1980, Professor Pories of East Carolina University performed gastric diversion in 146 and 152 patients with morbid obesity combined with diabetes or abnormal glucose tolerance, and 82.9% and 98.7% of the patients had long-term control of glucose, insulin and glycated hemoglobin at normal levels after the procedure, respectively. In 1995, Professor Pories published these results in the world’s leading journal Annals of Surgery under the title “Who could have imagined that surgery would be the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes? The mechanism of gastric diversion surgery (GBP) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus is gradually gaining ground, but is not well understood. The main mechanisms may be: (1) reduction of food intake and absorption, thus reducing energy intake and glucose metabolic load; (2) reduction of the patient’s body weight and insulin resistance caused by fat accumulation due to simple obesity; (3) alteration of the secretion of hormones in the intestinal-insulin axis after gastrointestinal tract reconstruction, thus improving glucose metabolism. At present, the third one is mainly supported, but continuous and in-depth research is still needed. (4) The efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy and gastric diversion surgery (GBP) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus is definite. In 2004, 136 articles with data of 22,094 patients, 76.8% of type 2 diabetes returned to normal, 86% improved significantly; 61.7% hypertension disappeared, 78.5% improved significantly; 70% hypercholesterolemia decreased; 85.7% sleep apnea disappeared. early 2009, the American Diabetes Association has included gastric diversion surgery for diabetes into the diabetes treatment guidelines, and now, Sweden, the In March 2011, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) issued a statement endorsing bariatric surgery as one of the measures for the treatment of T2DM and recommending that patients eligible for the procedure be considered for surgery as early as possible. 5.The “Expert Consensus on Surgical Treatment of Diabetes”, jointly formulated by the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch and the Chinese Medical Association Surgery Branch, was officially released recently in the Chinese Journal of Diabetes, Vol. 3, No. 3, June 2011. 6. Sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic gastric diversion surgery (GBP) have outstanding advantages in treating diabetes and are the future direction of development. Minimally invasive surgery is one of the development directions of surgery in the 21st century. Since the first successful application of laparoscopy to cholecystectomy by Mouret in France in 1987, minimally invasive surgery represented by laparoscopic techniques has flourished and gradually penetrated into all fields of abdominal surgery. Various types of surgery, ranging from small appendectomies to large pancreaticoduodenectomy resections, have been continuously tried and proven to have the advantages of minimally invasive and rapid postoperative recovery. Sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic gastric diversion surgery (GBP) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus are as effective as cesarean surgery and have the advantages of less trauma, less bleeding, faster recovery, and relatively few complications.