According to the “Technical Specification for Newborn Hearing Screening” issued by the Ministry of Health, all babies born should receive newborn hearing screening. This is because some babies may look healthy at birth, but may already have hearing problems in their mother’s womb. After birth, it is usually difficult for parents to detect hearing problems within 1 year of age, and most children do not come to the attention of parents until they are 2-3 years old and cannot speak. If hearing screening is not performed early enough after birth, it may cause varying degrees of speech-language and cognitive developmental impairment in the child later. If hearing problems are not detected until 2-3 years of age, the best time for early intervention is missed, and even if intervention is provided at this time, the child’s speech-language and cognitive development will still lag behind that of children of the same age. If a child is born with inaudible or deaf sounds, lack of speech and environmental sound stimulation at the critical age of language development (up to 3 years old), the auditory-verbal chain will become impaired, which will affect their later speech-language development. This can lead to a range of problems, from poor speech recognition to auditory-verbal impairment, and can even lead to isolation, inattention and learning difficulties. Newborn hearing screening is the only way to detect hearing loss at an early stage and provide timely intervention and rehabilitation to reduce its impact on speech-language and cognitive development. Newborn hearing screening is the most effective way to detect hearing loss at an early stage.