(a) Screening A two-stage screening: health care institutions, with the informed consent of the guardians of newborns and informed choice, the initial screening of newborns 2-5 days after birth until discharge, those who do not pass the screening within 42 days after birth, and those who still do not pass should be referred to a tertiary hospital qualified to detect neonatal diseases (hearing). For key screening subjects, even if they pass the screening should still be combined with auditory behavior observation method, inform the infant’s guardian to follow up every 6 months for 3 years, and the problems found in the follow-up should be promptly referred to confirm the diagnosis and treatment. (B) Diagnosis and assessment: Instrumental assessment: Infants who fail the retest should undergo otolaryngological examination and otoacoustic conduction resistance, otoacoustic emission, auditory brainstem evoked potential detection, behavioral audiometry and other related examinations, as well as medical and imaging examinations at 2 to 3 months of age, and generally make diagnosis and assessment at 6 months of age to clarify the degree of hearing loss and the site of the hearing loss and the possible causes. (C) Treatment and intervention 1. Treatment: Tertiary hospitals with neonatal disease (hearing) testing qualifications are responsible for the treatment of children with diagnosed hearing impairment according to the cause. (2) Hearing compensation or reconstruction: For children diagnosed with sensorineural deafness, tertiary hospitals qualified to detect neonatal diseases (hearing) will instruct them to carry out the following early interventions: (1) Hearing aid selection: For children with partial hearing remaining (mild to severe hearing impairment), appropriate hearing aids will be selected according to relevant standards for hearing correction; (2) Cochlear implantation (2) Cochlear implantation: For children with severe or very severe cochlear hearing loss, cochlear implantation can be performed if conditions permit; (3) Hearing and language training: After hearing aids or cochlear implantation, arrange for the child to receive appropriate hearing and language rehabilitation training and home rehabilitation guidance in relevant rehabilitation institutions to promote the development of hearing and language in deaf children.