Congenital heart disease refers to heart disease caused by changes in the anatomical structure of the heart and large blood vessels due to various reasons during the embryonic development of infants. Predisposing factors are mostly caused by the external environment, physical and chemical factors, rubella virus infection, as well as smoking and alcohol abuse by pregnant women during 5-8 weeks of fetal development. The heart is a cavity organ, divided into left and right atria and ventricles, which are two independent systems. The left heart has a higher pressure to supply blood to the body circulation, and the right heart has a lower pressure to supply blood to the pulmonary circulation, and the pressure difference between the two hearts differs by 10 times, and the manifestation of prevalent heart disease is the existence of abnormal traffic between the left and right hearts, and the appearance of abnormal blood flow direction, which can be categorized into three types according to the different shunts, including the left heart to the right heart shunt heart disease, the right heart to the left heart shunt heart disease, and no shunt-type heart disease. There are three types of heart disease according to the shunt.