Puncture of the lung mainly includes CT or ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung puncture, thoracentesis with tube placement and closed chest drainage, which is one of the common operations in respiratory medicine. Since it is an invasive operation, there are certain risks, the main risks are as follows: 1. local anesthesia should be applied during puncture, there is a possibility of anesthetic allergy and shock in serious cases. 2. the puncture may penetrate the blood vessels or nerves, causing bleeding or radiological pain. 3. the puncture can cause pneumothorax, resulting in chest tightness and shortness of breath in patients. 4. during the puncture, patients may have pleural reaction or pulmonary reopening, especially when there is a large amount of pleural effusion.