What are the dangers and complications of prostate enlargement? First of all, prostate enlargement may lead to kidney damage or even uremia. This is due to the fact that the enlarged prostate presses on the urethra and the bladder needs to contract hard to overcome the resistance to pass urine out of the body. Over time, the bladder muscles become hypertrophied. If the pressure on the bladder cannot be relieved for a long time, and the residual urine in the bladder gradually increases, the bladder muscles become ischemic and hypoxic, becoming inert and the bladder lumen enlarges. Finally, the urine in the bladder will back up into the ureter and renal pelvis causing hydronephrosis, and in severe cases, uremia. Secondly, bladder stones in the elderly are also associated with prostatic hyperplasia. Stones do not usually grow in the bladder when the urinary tract is clear. Even if a stone falls from the ureter into the bladder it can be expelled with the urine. Elderly people with prostate enlargement are different, the lower urinary tract obstruction and lead to urine retention in the bladder, urine stone salt deposition nucleation, and then the formation of bladder stones, prostate enlargement combined with the incidence of bladder stones can be up to 10% or more. Third, prostate hyperplasia may induce hernia (small bowel gas) and other diseases in the elderly. Some patients with prostate hyperplasia may experience symptoms of difficulty in urination and need to exert and hold their breath in order to urinate. As a result of the constant straining, the bowel can protrude from the weak abdominal wall and form a hernia. Sometimes patients also have hemorrhoids and varicose veins in the lower limbs. Fourth, cause infection. As the saying goes: flowing water does not rot. Patients with prostate enlargement often have varying degrees of urinary retention, and the urine remaining in the bladder is like a pool of stagnant water, which can cause uncontrollable infections once the bacteria multiply. Fifth, it causes urinary retention and incontinence. Urinary retention can occur at any stage of the disease, mostly due to sudden congestion and edema of the prostate gland caused by changes in weather, alcohol consumption, and exertion. Excessive residual urine can cause the bladder to lose its ability to contract, and urine retained in the bladder will involuntarily overflow from the urethra; this incontinence is called filling incontinence, and the patient must receive emergency treatment. In addition, although patients with prostate enlargement who only have enlarged glands and no lower urinary tract symptoms such as bladder outlet obstruction can be left untreated, such a danger should not be ignored and should seek medical attention in time to get guidance and treatment, and good treatment should be able to prevent the occurrence of long-term complications. What are the manifestations of prostate enlargement? If prostate enlargement develops around the urethra, there may be only mild manifestations or even no symptoms. If it progresses toward the bladder neck, serious symptoms may occur even if the enlargement is small. Patients usually show early signs of increased urination, which is more pronounced at night. Each urination is often incomplete, leaving residual urine, which can lead to congestion and edema of the bladder neck over time. With the passage of time, bladder muscle fatigue, urination is more weak, residual urine is increased, then the prostate is more congested and edema, so that the discharge of the urine line is thin, forked. Sometimes the urine does not become a line, dripping out, sometimes the urine line is divided into two strands, go to the toilet to wait half a minute to a minute to urinate. In the later stages, if the amount of residual urine is equal to the normal bladder capacity, it will automatically overflow at the first sound of running water or when a reflex is induced by other stimuli. The outlet of the bladder neck is extremely congested and edematous, once stimulated such as cold, holding urine, overwork, etc., there will be acute obstruction, completely lose the ability to urinate on their own, called “acute urinary retention”.