Causes of tympanic membrane perforation: 1. trauma, 2. otitis media. The most common cause is chronic suppurative otitis media. In addition to the perforation of the tympanic membrane, this disease can also be accompanied by auditory bone lesions, thus causing hearing loss, the degree of hearing loss is mostly related to the area of the tympanic membrane perforation and the degree of auditory bone lesions. After the inflammation is controlled, the ear stops running water or pus, but the tympanic membrane perforation does not heal and the hearing bone lesion causes hearing loss. Moreover, external bacteria and viruses can enter the middle ear from the tympanic membrane perforation and cause middle ear infection and pus flow again. Even if the hearing loss is not obvious at first, long-term repeated pus flow will eventually lead to hearing loss. Therefore, surgical treatment such as tympanic membrane repair should be performed early. The purpose of surgical treatment is: 1. to block the pathway of middle ear infection caused by the external ear canal; 2. to improve the preoperative hearing. Therefore, patients with tympanic membrane perforation should undergo surgery early to achieve the goal of preventing infection and improving hearing.