Cryptorchidism is the congenital absence of a testicle in the scrotum, and includes incomplete testicular descent, testicular ectopia, and testicular agenesis. Cryptorchidism is a congenital condition in which the testicle does not descend to the bottom of the scrotum but remains somewhere on the way down, including in the abdomen. Insufficient testicular descent is often referred to clinically as cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism is when the testicle leaves the normal descent pathway and reaches the perineum, femur, suprapubic area, or even inside the opposite scrotum. Cryptorchidism is when a male infant is born with unilateral or bilateral testes that do not descend into the scrotum but remain anywhere in their normal descent. This means that there is no testicle in the scrotum or only one side has a testicle. Normally, as the fetus grows and develops, the testes begin to descend from the retroperitoneal waist and descend into the scrotum in the late fetal stage, and if they are obstructed in the descent process, cryptorchidism is formed. Research results show that the chance of cryptorchidism is 1-7%, among which there are more patients with unilateral cryptorchidism than bilateral cryptorchidism, especially the right cryptorchidism is more common. 25% of cryptorchidism is located in the abdominal cavity, 70% stays in the groin, and about 5% stays above the scrotum or other parts. Symptoms Long-term stay of testes in abnormal position can cause adverse consequences: 1. Testicular atrophy: Testes that have not descended into the scrotum and have only mild tissue changes within 2 years after birth can cause testicular underdevelopment or atrophy after 2 to 5 years of age. Cryptorchidism on both sides can make 90% of patients infertile. 2. Malignant transformation: The risk of malignant transformation in cryptorchidism patients is 20 to 48 times greater than that in normal scrotal testes; while the risk of malignant transformation in intra-abdominal testes is 5 times greater than that in in the inguinal testes. The congenital defect of the testis and the abnormal position of the testis and the high temperature of the surrounding area are the reasons for the malignant transformation of cryptorchidism. 3. Easy to be traumatized: The testicles are located in the scrotum and have greater mobility, so there is less chance of trauma. The testicles located in the groin, when the abdominal muscle contracts, the inguinal canal also contracts, in which the testicles are squeezed. The testicles in the abdominal cavity are also often squeezed by the change of abdominal pressure. Testicular torsion: The testicle of cryptorchidism may have abnormal attachment of testicular lead, testicular muscle or testicular sheath, which makes it easy for testicular torsion to occur. 5.Other: About 65% of patients with cryptorchidism have hernia. 6.Empty scrotum can cause low self-esteem, mental distress and aloof temperament. Treatment Parents should go to the hospital as soon as they find that your child has no testicles in the scrotum or only one side has testicles. For children within one year old, it is possible to make the testicles descend into the scrotum through the application of some drugs. If they still cannot descend into the scrotum at the age of two, surgery should be considered. Therefore, cryptorchidism descent fixation should be performed before the age of two. Many patients with cryptorchidism come to the clinic because of infertility, and it can be said that almost all of them are incurable in terms of fertility. When they know that their infertility cannot be treated, they often show infinite regret and self-blame, and sometimes they blame their parents for ruining their lives. In fact, if the parents had found out that their child had cryptorchidism early and treated it in time, there would not have been such a result. But where can we buy the regret medicine? Parents of children with cryptorchidism are advised to take their son to a specialist at an early stage in order to prevent him from becoming a child with infertility in the future. Endocrine therapy can be used during this period. For children aged 10 months, the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) preparation Crgptocur can be used as a nasal spray of 0,2ng 3 times a day. If the testis still does not drop, chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) can be administered twice a week by intramuscular injection for four to five weeks, and if the testis still does not drop at the age of two years, surgical treatment by testicular descent fixation should be performed. For adolescent patients with cryptorchidism, testicular descent fixation should be performed as soon as it is detected. If the testicle is found to be atrophied or cannot descend into the scrotum, orchiectomy can be performed if necessary. Is surgery also necessary for unilateral cryptorchidism? Unilateral cryptorchidism patients have one testicle located in the scrotum. In the past, it was thought that the spermatogenic function of this testicle settled in the scrotum was normal and thus would not affect fertility. On the other hand, the undescended testicles may also become malignant under the high temperature environment, so it is easy to see that unilateral cryptorchidism patients should be treated in time.