First, how to add complementary foods Many parents do not know how to add complementary foods to infants and toddlers, here is a compilation of my answers to many parents. 1, when to start adding complementary foods? Most infants and young children in 4 months when the amylase enzyme began to mature, can only digest pure rice flour, but some infants 3 months began to salivate, and performance of adults interested in eating, the baby’s body is very strong, you can also try to feed a small amount of rice flour, but not too much, a spoonful of rice flour with water or milk diluted some. Never give fruit juice first, especially self-processed fruit juice or sugar water. Otherwise, some babies will not like to drink milk or eat other foods if they are too sweet. Start with a spoonful of rice flour, get used to it for 1-2 days, increase it by 1 spoonful, and see whether it is tolerated or not by the stool. If it goes well, it can be increased to 6 spoons of rice flour in about 2 weeks. At this time, you should not blindly increase the rice flour one by one. Instead, keep it for a period of time to observe the stools and the time of hunger after eating rice flour. If there is any problem, you can return 2 scoops first and start again. Start over. 5-6 months to start contact with vegetables and fruits, this is the sensitive period of this kind of food, you should start with vegetable puree, start with carrot puree, then tomato puree, pea puree, and finally sweet mixed vegetable puree, don’t be in a hurry to give green leafy vegetables. Fruits to start with apple puree, apples; pears; peaches; grapes; kiwis; oranges to be juiced. Choose the sour ones first and the sweet ones last, e.g. bananas at the end. Fruits should be in season, not out of season, e.g. watermelon should not be fed in winter. Tropical fruits should not be fed in China, dragon fruit, lychee, mango, pineapple should not be fed as much as possible. Only bananas, durian exceptions but must be ripe. 7-9 months to start contact with meat, in the past it is recommended that 5 months to add egg yolks (do not add egg white, can not eat the whole egg custard, will be diarrhea), but now due to allergies and eczema, it is recommended that yolks delayed to 8 months without allergies or eczema infants can be earlier, 5 months to prevent iron deficiency can choose to contain iron rice powder can also ensure that the need for iron. If you don’t eat meat within one year of age and miss the sensitive period, some infants may not like to eat meat in the future. Meat recommendation is best to try all common meat, the order is tuna puree; other deep-sea fish puree; liver puree; shrimp puree; beef puree; lamb puree; chicken puree; pork puree. Until within 12 months can only digest pureed food. 2.Why do some children have nausea and partiality? Some young children appear to eat nausea, vomiting or anorexia, paranoia are often parents do not understand the early addition of complementary foods led to, one is the order is not right, the second is the wrong food processing, three is too early to give the adult diet, many parents too early to give the block of food can easily lead to indigestion. Or eat too much fiber too long food is more difficult to digest, in fact, even the 5-year-old toddler has been out of the full teeth of the baby still can not chew fiber too long too much food, still need to eat more than adults to cut the food to be chopped up, 0.5cm or less, and to be rotten some, some of them are in the wrong way of feeding under the lead, it is best to re-formulate recipes, do not follow the same as the adults, young children’s food to be done singly. Less salt, less oil, cooked and rotten, fiber in moderation, small pieces, not too much variety at a time, balanced nutrition, do not eat snacks, snack foods, drinks. Eat little or no sugar. Especially do not drink beverages (including lactic acid drinks), not jelly, etc. Do not use drugs indiscriminately, especially do not; indiscriminate zinc supplementation, indiscriminate supplementation may be worse. Add complementary food stage should be gradual, in addition, do not recommend their own processed fish or broth, containing too much oil is easy to bloating, diarrhea. If you add too fast, too much, resulting in indigestion, you should return to the original amount, re-added little by little. Don’t be too hasty, gradually adapt to the amount, starting from about 10 grams or so, and add 10 grams every 2 to 3 days. Observe the stools and add the next meal. For meat only, supplemental food for older babies (10 months and above) if you are making it yourself. It is not suitable to use fat meat, not with tendon, usually use fine meat steamed or boiled and then pureed to the size of a peanut, 1-2 pieces each time. Up to 5 pieces at a meal. Limited to children up to 14 months. If indigestion infants can, take synbiotics, 1-2 weeks, just add meat complementary food stage, can not blindly add, have to take their time, you can try Heinz, or Nestle’s tuna puree, puree of pork liver, etc., can not use oysters, in the 6 months or less of infants, there is no zinc deficiency, regardless of breast milk, or formula, more than 800 ml of milk per day, will not be deficient in calcium nor zinc, and the baby can not be deficient in calcium or zinc. It is only possible that the lack of vd in the case of not sunbathing in winter. don’t believe the results of the zinc deficiency of the laboratory, basically are inaccurate. 3, common mistake: general small baby 1 year old or less recommended to buy a big brand of baby special supplemental food. Don’t do it yourself. The chances of diarrhea caused by their own processed food are far greater than the professional brand of infant supplemental food. Because the concentration, sweetness, saltiness; fiber; the content of residue, pesticide residues, etc. can not be guaranteed, usually does not guarantee the quality, for example, juice every time you do the concentration will not be the same, the baby’s intestinal tract has just adapted to the concentration of the sweetness of the next time and changed. And the amount of each do can not be estimated, easy to waste. It is not possible to guarantee the hygiene when you put it away. And infants under 1 year of age have fragile gastrointestinal function, easy to diarrhea, once it does not work to return to start over. It will lead to malnutrition, the loss is not worth it, I hope that those who are eager to try grandma; grandma; moms do not take risks. My experience do not use one or two fluke success to cover up the science. (The Chinese have a habit of raising the bar, and there are some parents who say that they are the ones who did it right, and that she did it so well and so well every time. It’s ridiculous that her eyes and tongue can taste more accurately than an instrument? Maybe her baby’s digestive tract is stronger. (It stood up to her experimentation). Basically failed supplement additions are the result of parental mistakes. Some people only trust their own food, and what they make is often too coarse to digest, too sweet, or too salty and oily. Sometimes the safety can not be guaranteed, and the amount of processing is not good control, easy to do more waste, so do not give infants under one year of age to process their own vegetables, fruits. 10 months after you can do a small amount of meat. Don’t give the porridge made by yourself. Egg yolks should be boiled for more than 10 minutes, do not rush to eat egg whites. Second, how to supplement calcium? Whether a child is deficient in calcium, first of all, we need to know his/her age, because the daily requirement of calcium is different for children of different ages, the whole life of a human being is divided into several stages, and the requirement of calcium is changing, in addition, there are individual differences in the amount of calcium required by different people. 0-6 months of age, mainly milk as the main food, there is no deficiency of calcium, and 600-800mg of calcium per day can be obtained from 600-800mg of calcium per day can be obtained from breast milk or formula milk. However, VD3, an important hormone in calcium metabolism, must be obtained by sunlight acting on melanocytes in the skin, and the kidneys need to be involved. Due to the traditional Chinese habit of “sitting in the moonlight” and the cold climate of the north, infants and children in the north often suffer from “calcium deficiency”, which should be called “vitamin D deficiency rickets”. The scientific name should be “vitamin D deficiency rickets”. Clinical manifestations: “night terrors, excessive sweating, occipital baldness, severe rib flaring, rib beading, X-shaped legs, O-shaped legs, etc.” But the diagnosis of rickets can not rely on just one or two signs, because the judgment of the above clinical manifestations need to be a very experienced, level of doctors to determine the accuracy of the judgment, need to be a comprehensive understanding of the history, comprehensive analysis of the clinical manifestations, if necessary, combined with laboratory tests. It is necessary to understand the medical history, analyze the clinical manifestations, and combine with laboratory tests if necessary. However, serum calcium, especially calcium in the “trace element” test items, is not of much clinical significance, but the measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase or vitamin D should be more or less of clinical significance. Or radiographs of the carpal bones. Some parents say calcium deficiency just because of thinning hair, and some say calcium deficiency because of night sweating. If you want to know whether the calcium deficiency must go to a regular professional pediatrician in order to have a reasonable, scientific diagnosis. Another way is to provide your child with the physiological requirement of calcium (600-800mg per day, which is the minimum amount). Some people may need 1000-1200mg/day), taking care to ensure the amount of VD (be careful not to overdose) VD 400-600 units per day. But the important thing is how to make sure you do it in your daily life. Formula or milk contains about 100mg of calcium per 100ml, but milk contains too much phosphorus which affects the absorption of calcium, so you need to increase the amount of calcium supplementation using milk in general. Two hours of sun exposure two days a week can provide a week’s worth of VD for a person’s physiological needs, but in the winter you need to double the time. Failure to do so requires food supplementation with VD3, and one capsule per day of Iconium gelatin pills is recommended. If there is a long history of deficiency and corrective treatment is needed, it is necessary to go to the hospital and have the bone alkaline phosphatase tested by the doctor, and then use a large amount of concentrated VD preparation, oral or intramuscular VD3, the course of treatment is judged by the doctor. 1-3 years of age or less, if supplemental calcium is recommended to use the oral form of calcium gluconate 10 ml/bottle, each bottle can provide 90mg of elemental Ca, plus the total amount of calcium in the milk to calculate their own. It is advisable to have more rather than less. Usually an infant on 500ml/day of milk needs 3-4 sticks per day. Note that some infants may have constipation or diarrhea as a side effect. Usually after 3 years old, you can use calcium lactate or calcium carbonate oral rinse or chewable tablets (at this time, pay attention to the instructions that most of them have VD at the same time, be careful not to VD overdose).