For example, acute pancreatitis in pregnancy can be characterised by severe knife-like pain in the upper and middle abdomen, radiating to the left shoulder or waist; acute cholecystitis in pregnancy often presents with paroxysmal colic at night and radiates to the right shoulder.
When accompanied by other symptoms, the etiology may also vary, e.g. when the pain is accompanied by hypertension, it is most often caused by gestational hypertension syndrome; when accompanied by nausea, vomiting and fever, it is most often caused by inflammation, e.g. pregnancy combined with acute gastroenteritis.