Chronic kidney disease is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Recently, diabetic nephropathy researchers in China retrospectively analyzed clinical and laboratory data of hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients to count the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. The results showed that diabetic nephropathy is a common chronic complication of hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in elderly and obese type 2 diabetic patients with long duration of disease, and that early screening for diabetic nephropathy should be paid more attention to. In addition to urine protein and glomerular filtration rate, experts in diabetic nephropathy research strongly recommend that renal tubular function and renal morphology should also be included in the screening. Diabetic nephropathy researchers further analyzed that the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients was 52.25%, of which 93.47% had proteinuria, 24.28% had impaired tubular function, and 14.88% had abnormal renal morphology; smoking was independently associated with diabetic nephropathy; the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy increased with age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy increases with age, duration of diabetes, body mass index and LDL cholesterol. Diabetics should pay attention to the above risk factors for early prevention and early screening. To avoid the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy, early detection and timely treatment may be able to reverse diabetic nephropathy.