Carotid artery stenosis is a kind of cerebrovascular disease with high incidence in middle-aged and old-aged people in recent years, which seriously threatens patients’ life and health. Carotid artery stenosis can lead to insufficient cerebral blood supply and a series of symptoms of cerebral ischemia, causing some neurological dysfunction due to cerebral ischemia, and may also cause acute cerebral infarction, which has more serious consequences. Carotid artery stenosis has different grades according to its stenosis rate, the stenosis rate of less than 50% is mild stenosis, the stenosis rate of 50%-70% is moderate stenosis, the stenosis rate of more than 70% is severe stenosis, and if the stenosis rate reaches 100%, it is the carotid artery is occluded, which is a very dangerous situation. Some patients ask what the most serious consequences of carotid occlusion are. Carotid artery occlusion may lead to serious cerebral blood supply disorders, and may even cause acute massive cerebral infarction, and the most serious consequences of carotid artery occlusion may even lead to the patient’s death. Therefore, it is necessary to actively prevent and timely treatment in life. For example, if you do not have the disease, you need to save for a rainy day, actively prevent, maintain good living and dietary habits, consume more vegetables and fruits, eat less greasy food, do not smoke, alcoholism, control blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar levels, because these are the high-risk factors leading to carotid artery stenosis. And if once the disease should be actively treated, found that the carotid artery stenosis should be actively controlled, to avoid the development of carotid artery occlusion dangerous situation. Mild carotid artery stenosis can be controlled by conservative internal medicine treatment, while moderate to severe carotid artery stenosis needs to be treated by surgery according to the indications. Carotid endarterectomy is an effective surgical procedure for treating moderate to severe carotid stenosis and preventing cerebral infarction, which can completely remove plaque and restore the carotid lumen; and if carotid occlusion develops, cerebral artery bypass grafting is needed to rebuild the blood channels and improve the blood supply to the brain.