Epidemic hemorrhagic fever is a viral disease that does not require bacterial cultures. Epidemic hemorrhagic fever is a naturally occurring disease caused by the hantavirus, which does not require bacterial cultures, but often requires pathogenetic, serologic, and viral nucleic acid testing. Pathogenetic tests can detect hantavirus RNA in the peripheral blood of the patient or isolate hantavirus from blood specimens. Serologic and viral nucleic acid tests can detect specific lgM antibody positivity or a fourfold increase in double serum lgG antibody, which often confirms the diagnosis of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. If the diagnosis of epidemic hemorrhagic fever is confirmed, it is recommended that the patient undergoes preventive treatment according to the characteristics of the different periods of time in order to alleviate the symptoms and improve the quality of life.