GERD is a common digestive disorder that causes heartburn in a large number of residents, and is becoming a common first-time diagnosis, with an increasing number of medical and surgical treatments every year. Treatment also includes lifestyle changes such as sleeping with the head elevated, weight loss in obese patients, diet modification, smoking and alcohol cessation, and not wearing tight clothing. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have significantly improved the effectiveness of medical therapy. Patients treated with medications generally have milder symptoms, but more than 50% of patients require lifelong drug therapy. After Geagea and Dallemagne et al. were the first to report the use of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for anti-reflux in 1991, it made surgical treatment easily accepted and ideal for GER treatment, but it is still difficult to be accepted in China, because on the one hand, the general public is not aware of GERD and does not pay enough attention to it, and on the other hand, clinicians have not completely Reversal of perception. GERD can cause many conditions, and Barrett’s esophagus is one of the common complications. Barrett’s esophagus is considered to be a protective adaptation to recurrent esophageal damage, and it often occurs in patients with chronic GERD, and although the exact cause of its intestinal metaplasia is not known, there is a hypothesis that once gastric contents have damaged the gastric mucosa, there is a transfer of stem cells to that damaged area and differentiate into columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting function at the site with persistent reflux stimulation, and that the chemosis columnar epithelium has a genetic predisposition to malignancy and develop into adenocarcinoma through chemosis-abnormal development-carcinoma. Due to the widespread use of proton pump blockers, the esophageal strictures caused by GERD have been significantly reduced. However, extra-esophageal symptoms, including dental erosion, wheezing, chronic sore throat, increased postnasal discharge, chronic hoarseness, dyspnea, chronic cough, or pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia and asthma, cannot be ignored, and GERD may be an important cause. Two main mechanisms cause extra-esophageal symptoms: 1. mucosal damage directly caused by smiling aspiration in the pharynx and respiratory tract; 2. irritation of the esophagus by refluxed fluid triggering a vagal reflex producing neurogenic bronchospasm and chest pain. GERD is difficult to get enough attention in life, but it does significantly affect people’s quality of life and should be given enough attention. Once there are similar or suspicious symptoms, timely consultation and examination can reduce complications and improve quality of life, most patients can get better relief through medical treatment, and some of the more severe patients can choose minimally invasive surgical treatment.