Generally speaking, the decrease of renal function caused by chronic kidney disease is a gradual process, and the resulting accumulation of uremic toxins in the body is progressively aggravated. Uremic toxins produce progressive damage to all organs and systems of the body, causing various uremic symptoms. In the early stage, when the degree of renal impairment is mild, the accumulation of toxins in the body is not too serious, and there is no need for kidney transplantation or dialysis treatment, the toxins can be excreted from the body by other means (mainly from the gastrointestinal tract) through appropriate drug therapy on the basis of diet control, and the relevant drugs include “packaged aldehyde starch, renal failure, uremic clear “In a broader sense, this is also a treatment that partially replaces the excretory function of the kidneys. It is worth mentioning that when taking the above drugs, the dosage should not be increased blindly, because the above drugs are to some extent used to increase the excretion of toxins by laxative effect, and large dosage can cause heavy diarrhea, which will excrete a large amount of water and electrolytes out of the body and cause a series of side effects such as dehydration and electrolyte disorders, which will further aggravate the damage to kidney function and cause deterioration of the disease. When the estimated glomerular filtration rate, i.e. eGFR, is less than 15 ml/min/1.73m2, various conventional renal replacement therapies such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation can be started as appropriate. Among them, kidney transplantation is the most comprehensive and effective “kidney replacement” therapy because a “normal” kidney is transplanted into the patient. However, kidney transplantation requires a high level of patient requirements, which must be weighed against the advantages and disadvantages before surgery, and the indications must be strictly controlled: firstly, the level of certain special antibodies in the patient’s body must be very low, otherwise rejection will easily occur after surgery; secondly, patients need to take anti-rejection drugs for a long time after surgery, but anti-rejection therapy suppresses the immune system, causing low resistance of the patient and easily inducing infection, and hormones can cause abnormal blood sugar and damage the gastric mucosa, inducing gastric infection. Therefore, transplantation therapy is not suitable for certain patients such as those with active hepatitis, tuberculosis, gastric ulcer, severe diabetes, and advanced age. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are the most widely used renal replacement therapies for most patients with uremia. However, in certain economically underdeveloped and remote areas, in primary hospitals where hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis therapy has not yet been carried out. Oral gastrointestinal dialysis solution, Chinese medicine enema and other therapies can also be used as an alternative treatment option as a last resort because of their low cost, simple technology and convenient operation.