Patients who have had a “transurethral resection” for BPH are still at risk for prostate cancer. The reasons for this are as follows: prostate cancer tends to develop in the peripheral zone of the prostate, while prostate enlargement (BPH) tends to develop in the migratory zone. TURP is a procedure that removes the prostate tissue that is obstructed, mainly in the migratory zone, while the extent of removal of the peripheral zone depends on the skill of the urologist. The residual prostate tissue that remains after surgery can continue to proliferate and there is a risk of prostate cancer, so it is necessary to screen regularly for prostate cancer-related indicators. Only radical prostate cancer surgery can completely remove the entire prostate gland. If the prostate is enlarged, an open prostatectomy may be performed. Although this procedure removes more prostate tissue than TURP, it still does not completely remove all prostate tissue. Prostate cancer is not innate, and the incidence of prostate cancer increases with age. Therefore, even if TURP is performed at a young age, there is still a risk of prostate cancer at a later age, so it is still necessary to be screened for prostate cancer.