Azoospermia is the absence of sperms found in a semen test. As one of the most difficult to treat infertility, azoospermia had brought deep pain to patients and countless troubles to doctors. In recent years, the male department of our hospital has taken the lead in carrying out microsurgery to treat azoospermia in Hunan Province, and has successfully carried out hundreds of cases of this surgery, which has attracted extensive attention from patients and friends as well as the media. In the process of clinical consultation, we found that this kind of patients for the consultation process of some of the precautions and diagnosis and treatment methods there are many questions, in order to facilitate the majority of patients to the consultation, now on the azoospermia clinical FAQ unified answers are as follows: 1, how to diagnose azoospermia? In the ejaculated semen for three consecutive times to find a sperm, known as azoospermia. 2. What is the clinical incidence of azoospermia? Azoospermia accounts for about 15-20% of male infertility patients and 0.6% of adult male population. 3.How is azoospermia categorized? The causes of azoospermia are numerous, summarized into two categories. One is the dysfunction of testis itself, which cannot produce sperms, called primary azoospermia or non-obstructive azoospermia. The second is that the testes have normal spermatogenesis and can produce sperms, but due to obstruction of the vas deferens, the sperms cannot be discharged from the body, which is called obstructive azoospermia. 4.Does azoospermia patient have to consult in person, can other people bring materials on behalf of the diagnosis? The cause of azoospermia is complex, and doctors often need to do relevant examinations, including general physical examination, such as looking at the patient’s body type, whether the voice is masculine, whether the laryngeal knots are obvious, the number of beards, the development of the vulva (penis, testicles size), and so on, but also includes asking about the sexual function of the privacy of the questions, so it is necessary for patients to visit the clinic in person. 5.What kind of examination does azoospermia patient need to do? Including physical examination and laboratory tests, physical examination as described in the previous question. Laboratory tests include semen routine, fructose, inhibin B, sex hormone complete set, testicular epididymis, spermatic cord, prostate gland, seminal vesicle gland ultrasound, chromosome karyotyping, Y chromosome deletion and so on. 6.What do azoospermia patients need to do before consultation? Generally, there is no need to make special preparations. If you want to do semen test again to make sure whether it is azoospermia or not, you are forbidden to have coitus for 5-7 days before the consultation. If there is no sex hormone test, it is recommended to go to the clinic in the morning on an empty stomach. 7.How can I know whether it is primary azoospermia or obstructive azoospermia? Generally speaking, through the above mentioned physical examination and laboratory test information, experienced male doctors can initially determine whether it is primary azoospermia or obstructive azoospermia, and the accuracy rate is about 80%. If you want to make a clear diagnosis, the best way is to do a testicular biopsy, the accuracy rate is 100%. 8, is every hospital able to do azoospermia related tests? Azoospermia specialty is relatively strong, the incidence rate is also relatively low, not every hospital can do related tests, such as seminal plasma fructose, inhibin B, karyotype analysis, Y chromosome deletion and other items, most hospitals can not do. In addition, although every hospital has ultrasound, the diagnosis of azoospermia is closely related to the specialist knowledge of the ultrasound doctor, and only professional male ultrasound doctors in large hospitals can give accurate and precise ultrasound diagnosis. Our hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ultrasound professor Wang Yue Ai is experienced in the diagnosis of azoospermia, and can give accurate diagnosis results for clinicians to determine the type of azoospermia and formulate treatment plans can play a very good help. 9. Is there any hope for azoospermia patients to have their own babies? A few years ago, azoospermia was equivalent to a terminal fertility disease, and doctors often suggested that patients should undergo in vitro fertilization with allogeneic sperm. However, in recent years, with the continuous improvement of medical standards, there are still ways to help most azoospermia patients fulfill their fertility dreams. Currently, for patients with obstructive azoospermia, we can do vasovaso-epididympanic anastomosis or vesicoscopic ejaculatory vasectomy, which has an overall success rate (i.e., sperm detected in the semen) of 60%-70%. For primary azoospermia patients, we can do testicular micro sperm extraction, that is, under the microscope directly to the testicles to find sperm, find sperm and then sent to the reproductive center to do IVF, the current micro sperm extraction surgery to find sperm in the chance of 30% -40%. 10.Do azoospermia patients need to be hospitalized for surgical treatment? How long will I be hospitalized? This type of surgery is a delicate surgery under microscope, the suture used in the surgery is very fine, in order to avoid the suture breakage after the surgery causing the failure of the surgery, we recommend bed rest for 7 days after the surgery, minimize the exercise, so all need to be hospitalized for about 8 days. 11, azoospermia surgery risk? Surgery is a wind removed, the main postoperative scrotal discomfort, pain; testicular atrophy; epididymitis and other reproductive tract infections, etc., are small probability of events, are within our control.