Urinary catheterization surgery generally refers to catheterization, which is a common means of diagnosing and treating diseases in clinical practice. It mainly includes preoperative preparation, cleaning the vulva, disinfecting the urethra, inserting the catheter and other operations. 1. Preoperative preparation: Preparation items include iodophor, treatment tray, disposable catheterization kit, adhesive tape, pads and so on. The physician verifies the patient’s information and describes the operation performed and washes his/her hands with hand decontamination. 2. Cleaning the vulva: the patient is in the supine position, with the legs bent at the knees and spread out, and a pad under the buttocks. Clean the patient’s vulva with iodophor, and note that male patients should turn over the foreskin for cleaning. 3. Disinfect the urethral opening: disinfect the female vulva with iodophor cotton balls, the order is from inside to outside, from top to bottom, disinfect 3 times, and then cover the female vulva with a sterile towel. The order of disinfection for men is from the urethral opening outward to the front of the penis, then wrap the penis with sterile gauze, disinfect the other side of the penis with the other hand, and then expose the urethral opening. 4. Insertion of the catheter: the operator wears sterile gloves. For male patients, it is also necessary to rotate the urethral opening several times to disinfect it; for female patients, separate the labia minora to expose the urethral opening and disinfect it with iodophor from top to bottom. Afterwards, the catheter is lubricated with lubricant, and the depth of insertion is 15-20 cm for men. In women, the catheter is inserted at a depth of 6-8 cm, and the catheter is secured by inflating the air bag. After that, the urine can be sent for examination or the catheterization bag can be connected. For patients who need urinary catheterization, they should go to the relevant departments of regular hospitals and be operated by professional physicians. Patients should not perform the operation by themselves.