Rhinitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in otolaryngology, and its incidence is increasing due to air pollution, which is drawing more and more attention as people’s living standards improve.
The symptoms of acute attacks include sudden onset of nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose or pus nasal discharge, dry nasal cavity with blood, etc. Often patients think it is a cold, but there are no other symptoms such as sore throat, coughing, coughing and other symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection.
Chronic rhinitis is what the common people call “rhinitis”. It is generally referred to as chronic simple rhinitis and chronic hypertrophic rhinitis (turbinate hypertrophy), even sinusitis, nasal polyps, nasal septal deviation will also be said to be rhinitis. Chronic simple rhinitis is mainly characterized by chronic congestion and swelling of the nasal mucosa, and the corresponding manifestations are mainly intermittent or alternating nasal congestion, as well as mucous or mucopurulent secretions. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is a hyperplastic hypertrophy of the nasal mucosa, submucosa and turbinate cartilage, where the mucosa thickens, tissue elasticity decreases, persistent nasal congestion, poor ventilation, even headache and dizziness, and loss of smell. Other broad chronic rhinitis include: atrophic rhinitis, dry rhinitis, caseous rhinitis, drug rhinitis (caused by long-term ordering of their own drugs), autonomic (vasogenic or motor) rhinitis.
Acute rhinitis treatment is mainly to reduce symptoms, shorten the course of the disease, prevent the formation of acute sinusitis, acute otitis media, acute pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, etc., should do: 1. Systemic treatment: drink a lot of water, light diet, bowel movement, pay attention to rest. Early sweating can reduce the symptoms, available ginger, brown sugar and onion decoction hot water, application of cold capsules, silver forsythia antidote, etc.. When combined with bacterial infection or suspected complications, systemic application of antibiotics.
2. Local treatment: short-term application of furosemide nasal drops, hydroxymetazoline to reduce nasal congestion and runny nose symptoms, acupuncture points, nasal passages or massage the above-mentioned points.
The treatment of chronic rhinitis is to identify the systemic, local and environmental causes of the disease, and to provide timely treatment, including avoiding stimulation, smoking and alcohol, exercising more, improving nutrition, treating underlying diseases, and improving the body’s resistance. Drug selection includes: 1, antihistamines: loratadine, cetirizine, levocetirizine, ibastine, etc., nasal antihistamines are Acesopin and Lefotene.
2.Nasal corticosteroids: Berkner (beclomethasone propionate). Ranocort (budesonide), coleus (fluticasone propionate), etc.
3.Decongestants, furoma nasal drops, nasal drops, etc.
4.Mast cell stabilizers: sodium cromoglycate, zapstat, etc.
5.Other: including nerve block, nasal turbinate ablation, desensitization treatment, etc.
It is not terrible to suffer from rhinitis, as long as timely treatment, choose the right drugs, must be under the guidance of the doctor’s medication, combined with life and diet and other aspects of improvement, will certainly ease or even cured.