Lung cancer is not unfamiliar to the general public and occupies a certain proportion of the patient population. However, people’s knowledge of its pathological features and latent treatment period still remains at the general cognitive stage, and general medical knowledge is needed to provide patients with a thorough understanding. Lung cancer is preventable and controllable. Studies have shown that the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer in Western countries have decreased significantly in recent years through tobacco control and environmental protection. The prevention of lung cancer can be divided into three levels of prevention, primary prevention is etiological intervention; secondary prevention is screening and early diagnosis of lung cancer to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer; tertiary prevention is rehabilitation prevention. Primary prevention: 1. Prohibition and control of smoking Foreign studies have proved that quitting smoking can significantly reduce the incidence of lung cancer, and the earlier you quit smoking, the more significant the reduction of lung cancer incidence. Therefore, smoking cessation is the most effective way to prevent lung cancer. 2.Protection of environment It has been proved that the exposure dose of air pollution, deposition index, smoke index, benzopyrene, etc. is positively correlated with the incidence of lung cancer, so protecting the environment and reducing air pollution are important measures to reduce the incidence of lung cancer. 3.Prevention of occupational factors Many occupational carcinogens have been recognized to increase the incidence of lung cancer, and reducing the exposure to occupational carcinogens can reduce the incidence of lung cancer. 4.Scientific diet Increasing vegetables and fruits in the diet can prevent lung cancer. According to the above detailed analysis, I believe we have a thorough understanding that it is no longer solved by the traditional means of radical treatment of tumor diseases, forming a correct and positive mentality is the most urgent task, and the active cooperation of patients and their families is needed to achieve significant results. We also hope that our patients and their family members can act as a small propagandist and help others around them to detect the disease early!