In recent years, with the socio-economic development of countries around the world and the improvement of the living standard of residents, the incidence and prevalence of diabetes has increased year by year, becoming a major social problem threatening people’s health and attracting the attention and attention of governments, health departments and medical workers in various countries. Possible reasons for the dramatic increase in the prevalence of diabetes in China: 1. Urbanization: With the development of the economy, the urbanization process in China has accelerated significantly. The proportion of urban population in China has increased from 34% of the national population in 2000 to 43% in 2006. 2. Aging: The proportion of people over 60 years of age in China has been increasing year by year, from 10% in 2000 to 13% in 2006. 2007 to 2008 surveys showed that the prevalence of diabetes in people over 60 years of age was over 20%, which is 10 times higher than the prevalence in people between 20 and 30 years of age. After adjusting for other factors, the prevalence of diabetes increased by 68% for every 10-year increase in age. 3. Lifestyle changes: Urbanization has led to changes in people’s lifestyles. The way people travel has changed greatly, and the main means of transportation in China’s cities has entered the era of the automobile. People’s daily physical activity is obviously reduced, but the calorie intake is not reduced, and the proportion of fat intake in the total energy intake is obviously increased. In rural areas, with the modernization of agriculture, people’s labor intensity has been significantly reduced. At the same time, the accelerated pace of life also makes people in a long-term stressful environment, these changes are closely related to the occurrence of diabetes To summarize the prevalence of diabetes in China, has the following characteristics: 1, in China’s sick population, type 1 diabetes is the main, type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90,0%, type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5%, other types of diabetes only 0,7%; urban gestational diabetes is close to 5%. 2, the degree of economic development is related to the rate of diabetes patients: in a survey in 1994, the prevalence of diabetes in the high-income group was 2-3 times higher than in the low-income group. The latest study found that the prevalence of diabetes in developed areas is still significantly higher than in underdeveloped areas, and urban areas are still higher than rural areas. 3. The proportion of undiagnosed diabetes is higher than in developed countries: among adults over 20 years of age with diabetes in the 2007-2008 national survey, newly diagnosed diabetes accounted for 60% of the total, which is much higher than in developed countries (about 48% in the United States), despite a decline from past surveys. 4. Males and low education level are predisposing factors for diabetes: In the 2007 to 2008 survey, after investigating other risk factors, men had a 26% increased risk of developing the disease compared to women, while those with less than college education had a 57% increased risk of developing diabetes. 5. Phenotypic characteristics: The average BMI of type 2 diabetic patients in China is about 25 kg/m2, while the average BMI of diabetic patients in Caucasians mostly exceeds 30 kg/m2. The proportion of postprandial hypertension is high, and among newly diagnosed diabetic patients, those with elevated postprandial glucose alone account for nearly 50%. 6. There is a lack of epidemiological data on diabetes in children in China. From clinical work, it is found that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in people under 20 years of age has been significant in recent years. 7, diabetes combined with cardiovascular disease is common. Due to the short average duration of diabetes in China, specific complications such as diabetic retinopathy and diabetes mellitus are huge challenges for the future. The severe epidemic status of diabetes in China, the high proportion of undiagnosed population, and the large number of people at risk for diabetes suggest that we have more work to do in the prevention of diabetes. In view of the increasingly severe form of diabetes in China, experts have proposed tertiary prevention of diabetes, in which primary prevention refers to lifestyle intervention; secondary prevention refers to the use of glucose-lipid-lowering treatment for patients at high cardiovascular risk; and tertiary prevention is based on individualized measures of blood pressure lowering, lipid regulation and aspirin. It is further clarified that for elderly diabetic patients, individualized goals are set according to the patient’s condition without hypoglycemia in order to achieve moderate glycemic control.