In clinical examination of urinary erythrocyte aberration rate, the main purpose is to determine the specific source of hematuria, which can be divided into nephrogenic hematuria and non-nephrogenic hematuria. In nephrogenic hematuria, the aberration rate of red blood cells is often greater than 70%, mainly because when red blood cells pass through the basement membrane of the kidney, the pores of the basement membrane are smaller than the diameter of red blood cells, and morphological changes occur in the process of filtration of red blood cells, which will result in a higher aberration rate of red blood cells in the urine, often when there is inflammation in the kidney that leads to hematuria, treatment of the primary disease should be carried out, or secondary The kidney damage caused by the disease should be effectively controlled in order to prevent the progress of hematuria. If the erythrocyte aberration rate is less than 70%, it is often due to the urological epithelium, such as the presence of urinary stones, ureteral or bladder cancer, and new organisms within the mucosa of the ureter and bladder, such as polyps and tumors, which can result in the exudation of erythrocytes. However, the form of red blood cells is directly into the urine and there will not be many abnormal red blood cells. Therefore, patients with this condition should be promptly examined for specific lesions in the urinary epithelium and treated for the primary disease.