Any surgery carries some risk. The goal of pediatric strabismus surgery is to correct the eye position to a positive position as much as possible, alleviate head position, and slow the progression of refractive error and amblyopia. Pediatric strabismus surgery, due to the young age of the patient, poor cooperation, and poor pain tolerance, is usually performed under general anesthesia, which carries its own risks, like anesthesia allergy and choking and suffocation. Strabismus surgery is generally a muscle reduction or muscle strengthening of the extraocular muscles. The choice of the specific surgical muscles and surgical approach depends on the patient’s state of fusion control and the size of the strabismus. Regardless of the type of strabismus surgery, the extraocular muscles are pulled during the surgery. There is an oculocardiac reflex in the human body, and pulling the extraocular muscles will cause mechanical stimulation and vagus nerve excitation, resulting in slowing down of the heart rate, which may lead to cardiac arrest in severe cases. Cardiac monitoring will be performed during the surgery, and if a slow heart rate is detected, the surgery will be suspended until the heart rate recovers. It is recommended that children who are found to have strabismus go to the hospital for a professional examination first, and the next step of treatment will be decided according to the situation and the doctor’s recommendation.