Strabismus is a condition in which both eyes cannot look at the same target at the same time, and when one eye looks at the target, the other eye becomes oblique. Sometimes parents find that the child’s two eyes are squinting together to gaze at the object (squinting), that is not strabismus, generally called lateral vision, mostly due to bad habits or refractive error. According to the direction of eye deviation, strabismus is divided into the following four categories: 1. internal strabismus: the eye position is deviated inward, generally known as “cross-eyed”. 2. 2. Exotropia: the eye position is outwardly skewed, commonly known as “oblique white eyes”. The most common type of exotropia in children is intermittent exotropia, which is both intermittent and constant. Intermittent exotropia is a strabismus that is sometimes orthotropic and sometimes exotropic, especially when tired or distracted, and can be controlled to an orthotropic position with reminders. Children with this type of strabismus often close one eye in the sun, which is done to avoid diplopia caused by exotropia. If left untreated, intermittent exotropia will gradually develop into constant exotropia. 3, vertical strabismus: that is, the eye position upward or downward oblique, vertical strabismus is often accompanied by a tilted head, commonly known as “crooked neck”. Strabismus does not necessarily mean a crooked head, but a crooked head must be alert to strabismus. 4. Rotational strabismus: Rotational strabismus is generally not visible in appearance, and will only be detected after a specialist examination. What are the hazards of strabismus? 1, affect the aesthetics, this is the most intuitive understanding of strabismus by patients and their parents. 2. Strabismus can lead to the loss of stereo vision function. People with poor stereopsis cannot work in aerospace, aviation, driving, medical and other fine operations, which will seriously affect their future employment and career choice. Therefore, it is emphasized that strabismus should be treated early to restore part of the stereopsis function as much as possible. 3. Some types of strabismus can affect visual acuity and lead to amblyopia. How should strabismus be treated? Most strabismus needs surgery; only one kind of complete refractive adjustment internal strabismus does not need surgery, and the strabismus will “disappear” after wearing glasses, and wearing glasses is the best treatment for it; there are some strabismus that need both glasses and surgery. It is wrong to blindly believe that strabismus will disappear with age. As soon as strabismus is detected, you should go to the hospital for professional eye examination to avoid delaying the best time for treatment. Why do I need strabismus surgery if my child has a crooked head? Crooked head, also known as strabismus, has two common causes: one is due to strabismus, called ocular strabismus, and the other is due to abnormal neck muscles, called muscular strabismus. Ophthalmic squint requires strabismus correction, and myotonic squint requires neck surgery. Crooked head can lead to facial asymmetry, with one side of the face being plump and the other thin. It can also lead to scoliosis of the cervical spine and developmental deformities of the mandible. Therefore, if your child has a crooked head, it is recommended to see a strabismus specialist and orthopedic surgeon as soon as possible to identify the cause and treat it early. Is strabismus surgery safe? Will it cause vision loss? Strabismus surgery has a history of 150 years and is one of the safest surgeries. The procedure does not open the eye and therefore does not usually affect vision. The next day after surgery, you can open the gauze and see normally, which basically does not affect your normal life and is less risky. There are a few patients who may experience a temporary loss of vision due to post-operative visual disturbances and conjunctival sutures, but the loss of vision can be easily recovered. Is strabismus surgery only for the “squint” eye? Strabismus is usually a bilateral problem. When the strabismic eye looks at the opposite eye (the eye that is not normally strabismic), it will show strabismus. Therefore, strabismus surgery is not just for the “strabismus” eye, but sometimes for both eyes and sometimes for the eye that is not normally strabismic. Does general anesthesia for strabismus surgery have any effect on intelligence? General anesthesia is generally required for strabismus surgery in children, and general anesthesia has no effect on intelligence. Nowadays, general anesthesia is also used for adult strabismus surgery in developed countries such as Europe and America. General anesthesia provides a comfortable treatment for the patient, and the patient will not have pain and fear during the whole procedure.