Although the respiratory rhythm is produced in the brain, its activity can be reflexively regulated by afferent impulses from the respiratory organs themselves as well as from skeletal muscles and sensory apparatus of other organ systems. Differential diagnosis of impaired respiratory reflex regulation: The cough reflex can last for days or even months. The cough accompanying an acute respiratory infection lasts about a few days and mostly disappears after the inflammation is controlled; whereas the cough caused by chronic bronchitis, asthma, smoking, etc., often lasts more than 3 weeks and can be considered chronic. Qi dysregulation: Qi, or the movement of Qi, is referred to. Although the forms of qi movement are complex and diverse, the Nei Jing summarizes them into four basic forms: ascending, descending, exiting and entering, and regards the ascending and descending of qi as the origin and symbol of the body’s vital activities. Once the rise and fall of qi stops, it means the termination of life activities. Most of the Qi disorders are caused by internal injuries of emotion and will, stagnation of evil qi, or dysfunction of internal organs and meridians. Common Qi disorders can be broadly classified into five types: Qi stagnation, Qi reversal, Qi trapping, Qi closure, and Qi removal. Respiratory failure: It is a clinical syndrome caused by a series of physiological functions and metabolic disorders due to severe respiratory dysfunction that prevents normal breathing at rest, hypoxia or carbon dioxide retention. In mild cases, the initial stage of the disease is to feel only breathing hard, but in severe cases, it is difficult to breathe, sweating profusely, significant cyanosis of the lips and nails, changes in intellectual function, disorientation, headache, insomnia, trance, irritability, agitation, and then drowsiness, which leads to coma, convulsions, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and vasodilation of the skin. In some severe cases, there is oliguria, swelling of the lower limbs or hepatic impairment and gastrointestinal bleeding. The sneeze reflex is similar to the cough reflex in that it begins with a deep inhalation followed by a rapid and forceful exhalation. The difference from the cough reflex is the descent of the uvula and the pressure of the tongue toward the soft palate, rather than the closure of the vocal cords. The rapid flow of air is mainly emitted from the nasal cavity. Both the cough and sneeze reflexes are part of the respiratory reflex regulation. Cough may be the only symptom of asthma and is mainly a prolonged and persistent dry cough, often triggered by inhalation of irritating odors, cold air, exposure to allergens, exercise or upper respiratory tract infection, and in some patients without any trigger. It mostly intensifies at night or in the early morning. Some patients have seasonal attacks, mostly in spring and autumn. The sneeze reflex is similar to the cough reflex in that it begins with a deep inhalation followed by a sharp, forceful exhalation. It differs from the cough reflex in that the uvula drops and the tongue presses against the soft palate, rather than the vocal cords closing. The rapid airflow is mainly from the nasal cavity.