Why does urine come out when I cough? This condition is usually seen in postmenopausal female patients or female patients who have had children, and is called stress urinary incontinence. It arises mainly because of the relaxation of the pelvic structure, which leads to the relaxation of the bladder switch that controls urination, and therefore may cause involuntary overflow of urine when the abdominal pressure is increased. What are the conditions that may cause increased abdominal pressure? For example, coughing, sneezing, laughing or fast walking, running, etc., are all signs of increased abdominal pressure. In general, we can start with conservative treatment methods, such as pelvic floor muscle training, and if the results are poor, we can consider a tension-free midurethral sling.