Varicose veins in the lower extremities, usually referred to as saphenous varicose veins, are a common and prevalent disease, and their incidence is increasing year by year. The fundamental method of treatment is surgery, including traditional surgery and minimally invasive surgical treatment. Traditional surgery for varicose veins in the lower extremities, mainly including high ligation of the saphenous vein and ligation of the communicating veins and stripping of the varicose veins, is the classical surgical method that is still widely used today. However, there is still a correspondingly high recurrence rate, which has been found to be as high as 19.2% at an average follow-up of 6.6 years. The reasons for recurrence include incomplete surgery leading to residual varicose veins and incomplete treatment of the traffic branches, anatomical abnormalities (double saphenous veins), the development of the disease itself, and varicose veins with new vascularization. More and more minimally invasive treatment methods for varicose veins are gradually being used in the clinic, making the treatment of varicose veins in the lower extremities gradually transition from the traditional surgical mode to the era of minimally invasive treatment. Research results show that various minimally invasive treatment methods have achieved clinical efficacy comparable to or even better than that of traditional surgery. According to the different principles of minimally invasive treatment, the treatment methods include physical injury (laser, radiofrequency, microwave, electrocoagulation, etc.) and chemical injury (sclerotherapy) and mechanical treatment (rotary shaving aspiration, endoscopy).