Varicose veins of the lower extremities are one of the most common diseases in vascular surgery and one of the oldest. The most common causes of varicose veins in the lower extremities are weakness of the superficial vein walls, venous valve insufficiency or defects, and increased venous pressure, resulting in tortuous dilatation of the superficial veins of the lower extremities and blood stasis. Weakness of the vein wall, reduced elasticity and incomplete or defective venous valves are often associated with genetic factors and are “primary” superficial lower extremity venous valve insufficiencies; varicose veins are “secondary” when the blood is subjected to gravity and various factors that increase the effect of gravity later in life, resulting in the destruction of the normal function of the venous valves. “secondary”. Secondary causes include heavy physical labor, prolonged standing or sitting, obesity, pregnancy and chronic increased intra-abdominal pressure. Inflammation of the veins, obstruction of venous system reflux, and circulating blood volume exceeding the reflux load can cause increased venous pressure and the formation of varicose veins. Long-term chronic venous pressure increase can lead to a large number of capillary hyperplasia and increased permeability in the lower limbs, resulting in edema, hyperpigmentation and liposclerosis, which may eventually lead to dystrophic skin changes and even chronic venous ulcers, commonly known as “old rotten legs”. This can seriously affect the quality of life and even threaten the survival of the limb. The manifestations of varicose veins are various, but in the early stage of the disease, there is only a feeling of heaviness or soreness in the lower limbs, which is more obvious after standing for a long time, and is reduced after elevating the lower limbs and resting. In the long run, there will be the expansion and bulging of the superficial veins of the lower extremities, and in the longer run, there may be pigmentation of the lower legs, especially near the inner ankles, skin atrophy and thinning, local hard nodes, chronic eczema and ulcers that are difficult to heal. At the same time, the varicose veins are prone to thrombosis, resulting in localized redness, swelling, pain, and nodules. In severe cases, the long-term chronic increase in venous pressure, combined with reduced activity, can increase the chance of deep vein thrombosis. Local dilated blood vessel wall is thin, the blood vessel is brittle, inadvertent encounter may lead to haemorrhage, serious cases can lead to shock. How should varicose veins be treated. In fact, there are many ways of treatment, mainly divided into two categories: non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. The non-surgical treatment is mainly for some patients who have limited lesions, short duration of disease, less severe symptoms or some patients who cannot tolerate surgery. Most patients with varicose veins need to undergo surgery when the disease has reached a certain level. Of course, there are many surgical options, ranging from the traditional high ligation of the saphenous vein and aspiration of the varicose vein mass to the various minimally invasive treatments that have emerged in recent years, such as endovenous laser therapy, radiofrequency therapy, transilluminated vein rotation, sclerotherapy injections, and so on. The ultimate goal is to solve the problem of venous reflux, varicose vein masses and incompetent traffic branches. But so far there is no single method that is the most effective and perfect way to treat varicose veins, and the treatment should be individualized and comprehensive according to the patient’s different etiology and manifestations, combined with the patient’s wishes and the different equipment and instruments of the respective hospitals, and combined with different surgical procedures.