According to statistical data, the survival rate 1 year after lung transplantation is about 70%-90% and 5 years is about 40%-50%, and the survival rate of single lung transplantation is also a little higher than double lung transplantation. The survival time after lung transplantation is highly dependent on the patient’s physical condition, cardiac function, donor lung quality and postoperative care, especially to prevent external infections, which can be life-threatening in lung transplant patients with minor infections. Therefore, even if a lung transplant is successfully received, it is important to maintain a strong immune system after surgery to reduce rejection reactions and infections.